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Outputs (106)

Triggered abuse: How and why leaders with narcissistic rivalry react to follower deviance (2024)
Journal Article
Gauglitz, I. K., & Schyns, B. (2024). Triggered abuse: How and why leaders with narcissistic rivalry react to follower deviance. Journal of Business Ethics, 193(1), 115-131. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-023-05579-7

Previous research has shown that leaders’ narcissistic rivalry is positively associated with abusive supervision. However, it remains unclear when and how leaders high in narcissistic rivalry show abusive supervision. Building on trait activation the... Read More about Triggered abuse: How and why leaders with narcissistic rivalry react to follower deviance.

When does charm turn sour in early career working relationships? The relationship between narcissism and Leader-Member and Member-Member Exchange (2023)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Gauglitz, I. K., Veestraeten, M., Nestler, S., & Bonnefous, A. (2023). When does charm turn sour in early career working relationships? The relationship between narcissism and Leader-Member and Member-Member Exchange. Cadernos EBAPE.BR, 21(6), Article e2023-0058. https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-395120230058x

Internships offer the opportunity for students in higher education to have their first work experience and start building professional relationships. However, the ways in which these experiences and relationships unfold may differ significantly. In t... Read More about When does charm turn sour in early career working relationships? The relationship between narcissism and Leader-Member and Member-Member Exchange.

Vulnerable narcissistic leadership meets Covid-19: The relationship between vulnerable narcissistic leader behaviour and subsequent follower irritation (2023)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Gauglitz, I. K., Gilmore, S., & Nieberle, K. (2023). Vulnerable narcissistic leadership meets Covid-19: The relationship between vulnerable narcissistic leader behaviour and subsequent follower irritation. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, https://doi.org/10.1080/1359432X.2023.2252130

Leaders’ vulnerable narcissism may cause followers irritation due to its antagonistic and neurotic nature. Based on conservation of resources theory, we propose and test a model of between-person and reciprocal within-person relations between weekly... Read More about Vulnerable narcissistic leadership meets Covid-19: The relationship between vulnerable narcissistic leader behaviour and subsequent follower irritation.

Me, me, me - narcissism and motivation to lead (2022)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Lagowska, U., & Braun, S. (2022). Me, me, me - narcissism and motivation to lead. Journal of Psychology, 230(4), 330-334. https://doi.org/10.1027/2151-2604/a000504

This study tests the relationships between grandiose narcissism and affective, calculative, social-normative motivation to lead (MTL), and avoidance to lead as well as between vulnerable narcissism and affective MTL and avoidance to lead. Further, we... Read More about Me, me, me - narcissism and motivation to lead.

How to mitigate destructive leadership – Human resources-practices that mitigate Dark Triad leaders’ destructive tendencies (2022)
Book Chapter
Schyns, B., Gauglitz, I. K., Wisse, B., & Schütz, A. (2022). How to mitigate destructive leadership – Human resources-practices that mitigate Dark Triad leaders’ destructive tendencies. In D. Lusk, & T. L. Hayes (Eds.), Overcoming Bad Leadership in Organizations (251-276). Oxford University Press

Leaders with Dark Triad traits (Machiavellianism, psychopathy, and narcissism) are notorious for their display of destructive behaviour in interacting with their subordinates. It may be argued that organisations have the obligation to protect the org... Read More about How to mitigate destructive leadership – Human resources-practices that mitigate Dark Triad leaders’ destructive tendencies.

When your leader just does not make any sense: Conceptualizing inconsistent leadership (2022)
Journal Article
Schilling, J., Schyns, B., & May, D. (2022). When your leader just does not make any sense: Conceptualizing inconsistent leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 209-221. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-022-05119-9

Perceived consistency, and even more so inconsistency of behavior is an important factor in the evaluation of other people. This is especially true for leaders, whose behavior is typically closely monitored and interpreted by their followers. While p... Read More about When your leader just does not make any sense: Conceptualizing inconsistent leadership.

The Romance of Leadership: Rekindling the fire through replication of Meindl and Ehrlich (2021)
Journal Article
Hammond, M., Schyns, B., Vogelgesang, G., Thomas, J., & Clapp-Smith, R. (in press). The Romance of Leadership: Rekindling the fire through replication of Meindl and Ehrlich. The Leadership Quarterly, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2021.101538

Given changes in business and society, the romance of leadership theory, which describes a glorification of the perceived influence of leaders on organizational outcomes, is arguably more relevant than at its conception over thirty years ago. This pa... Read More about The Romance of Leadership: Rekindling the fire through replication of Meindl and Ehrlich.

Trapped at Work: The Barriers Model of Abusive Supervision (2021)
Journal Article
Breevaart, K., Wisse, B., & Schyns, B. (2022). Trapped at Work: The Barriers Model of Abusive Supervision. Academy of Management Perspectives, 36(3), 936-954. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2021.0007

While research on abusive supervision is thriving, we still know very little about the sustained nature of the phenomenon. Additionally, most papers focusing on the prolonged character of the detrimental relational dynamic take a within-dyad perspect... Read More about Trapped at Work: The Barriers Model of Abusive Supervision.

Being suspicious in the workplace: The role of suspicion and negative views of others in the workplace in the perception of abusive supervision (2021)
Journal Article
Schyns, B. (2021). Being suspicious in the workplace: The role of suspicion and negative views of others in the workplace in the perception of abusive supervision. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 42(4), 617-629. https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-06-2020-0242

Two studies are presented to examine the relationship between trait suspicion and the perception of abusive supervision as moderated by implicit leadership theories. The first study is a survey study, the second study is an experimental vignette stud... Read More about Being suspicious in the workplace: The role of suspicion and negative views of others in the workplace in the perception of abusive supervision.

Does thinking of myself as leader make me want to lead? The role of congruence in self-theories and implicit leadership theories in motivation to lead (2020)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Kiefer, T., & Foti, R. J. (2020). Does thinking of myself as leader make me want to lead? The role of congruence in self-theories and implicit leadership theories in motivation to lead. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 122, Article 103477. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103477

The paper focuses on antecedents of leadership self-efficacy and motivation to lead. We propose that the congruence between how individuals see leaders in general (implicit leadership theories) and how they see themselves (implicit self-theories) on... Read More about Does thinking of myself as leader make me want to lead? The role of congruence in self-theories and implicit leadership theories in motivation to lead.

Why and when job stressors impact voice behaviour: An ego depletion (2019)
Journal Article
Xia, Y., Schyns, B., & Zhang, L. (2020). Why and when job stressors impact voice behaviour: An ego depletion. Journal of Business Research, 109, 200-209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.053

Most research assumes that job stressors decrease employees’ voice behavior. However, looking at research about job stressors and OCB (including voice), not all types of stressors have the same effects. The purpose of our research is to develop a new... Read More about Why and when job stressors impact voice behaviour: An ego depletion.

Dark personalities in the workplace (2019)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Braun, S., & Wisse, B. (2019). Dark personalities in the workplace. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190236557.013.553

Dark Triad personality traits in the workplace comprise of the traits narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy. The Dark Triad and its relationships with individual and organisational variables has received increasing attention in organisational... Read More about Dark personalities in the workplace.

The appeal of transformational leadership (2018)
Journal Article
Hansbrough, T., & Schyns, B. (2018). The appeal of transformational leadership. Journal of leadership studies (Hoboken, N.J. : Online), 12(3), 19-32. https://doi.org/10.1002/jls.21571

Although transformational leadership has been described as an ideal leadership style, there have been recent calls for research to examine why the concept of transformational leadership appeals to some individuals but not to others. Accordingly, thre... Read More about The appeal of transformational leadership.

Is it me or you? – How reactions to abusive supervision are shaped by leader behavior and follower perceptions (2018)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Felfe, J., & Schilling, J. (2018). Is it me or you? – How reactions to abusive supervision are shaped by leader behavior and follower perceptions. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, Article 1309. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01309

There is a growing interest in understanding how follower reactions toward abusive leadership are shaped by followers' perceptions and attributions. Our studies add to the understanding of the process happening between different levels of leaders' ab... Read More about Is it me or you? – How reactions to abusive supervision are shaped by leader behavior and follower perceptions.

In the eye of the public: Examining the content of implicit leadership theories about football managers across two contexts (2018)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Schilling, J., & Coyle, P. (2018). In the eye of the public: Examining the content of implicit leadership theories about football managers across two contexts. International journal of sport psychology, 49, 267-290

We examine the content of implicit leadership theories relating to football managers. While most studies of leadership and sport are interested in direct leadership, we argue here that public figures such as football managers are measured against fan... Read More about In the eye of the public: Examining the content of implicit leadership theories about football managers across two contexts.

Shady Strategic Behavior: Recognizing Strategic Followership of Dark Triad Followers (2018)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Wisse, B., & Sanders, S. (2019). Shady Strategic Behavior: Recognizing Strategic Followership of Dark Triad Followers. Academy of Management Perspectives, 33(2), 234-249. https://doi.org/10.5465/amp.2017.0005

The importance of strategic behavior in organizations has long been recognized. However, so far the literature has primarily focused on leaders’ strategic behavior, largely ignoring followers’ strategic behavior. In the present paper, we take a follo... Read More about Shady Strategic Behavior: Recognizing Strategic Followership of Dark Triad Followers.

Handbook of Methods in Leadership Research (2017)
Book
Schyns, B., Hall, R., & Neves, P. (Eds.). (2017). Handbook of Methods in Leadership Research. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781785367281

This volume provides an overview of a variety of quantitative and qualitative methods for leadership research, authored by scholars in the areas of leadership and research methodology. Integrating insights from other research areas, it provides novel... Read More about Handbook of Methods in Leadership Research.

Implicit Leadership Theory (2017)
Book Chapter
Alabdulhadi, A., Schyns, B., & Staudigl, L. (2017). Implicit Leadership Theory. In E. Curtis, & J. Cullen (Eds.), Leadership and change for the health professional (20-36). Open University Press

For over a hundred years, leadership has been an interesting topic for scholars and practitioners who try to understand what makes a good leader and effective leadership. Even today, the word "leadership" appears in the media almost every day and see... Read More about Implicit Leadership Theory.

How the influence of unethical leaders on followers is affected by their implicit followership theories (2017)
Journal Article
Knoll, M., Schyns, B., & Petersen, L. (2017). How the influence of unethical leaders on followers is affected by their implicit followership theories. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 24(4), 450-465. https://doi.org/10.1177/1548051817705296

Our research examines the role of followers in unethical leadership. Drawing on a social–cognitive approach to leadership and recent research in the field of behavioral ethics, we focus on how leader behavior and follower information processing inter... Read More about How the influence of unethical leaders on followers is affected by their implicit followership theories.

Attachment Style and Leader-Member Exchange: The Role of Effort to Build High Quality Relationships (2017)
Journal Article
Maslyn, J., Schyns, B., & Farmer, S. (2017). Attachment Style and Leader-Member Exchange: The Role of Effort to Build High Quality Relationships. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 38(3), 450-462. https://doi.org/10.1108/lodj-01-2016-0023

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine psychological attachment styles (secure, anxious, and avoidant) as antecedents to leader-member exchange (LMX) quality both directly and through their impact on employees’ efforts to build high quality... Read More about Attachment Style and Leader-Member Exchange: The Role of Effort to Build High Quality Relationships.

“Facing” leaders: Facial expression and leadership perception (2016)
Journal Article
Trichas, S., Schyns, B., Lord, R., & Hall, R. (2017). “Facing” leaders: Facial expression and leadership perception. The Leadership Quarterly, 28(2), 317-333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2016.10.013

This experimental study investigated the effect of a leader's expression of happy versus nervous emotions on subsequent perceptions of leadership and ratings of traits associated with implicit leadership theories (ILTs). Being fast and universally un... Read More about “Facing” leaders: Facial expression and leadership perception.

Implicit Leadership Theories (2016)
Book Chapter
Schyns, B., & Riggio, R. (2016). Implicit Leadership Theories. In A. Farazmand (Ed.), Global encyclopedia of public administration, public policy, and governance (1-7). Springer Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_2186-1

While leadership is often seen as what leaders do, more recent work in this area acknowledges that leadership is a process of interaction between different actors (i.e., leaders and followers) and the environment. This notion of a process of interact... Read More about Implicit Leadership Theories.

"Dark Personality in the Workplace: Introduction to the Special Issue" (2014)
Journal Article
Schyns, B. (2015). "Dark Personality in the Workplace: Introduction to the Special Issue". Applied Psychology, 64(1), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12041

This introduction to the Special Issue on Dark Personality in the Workplace outlines the nature of dark personality and why it is relevant in the workplace. In addition, it reviews the articles of the special issue in terms of both their findings and... Read More about "Dark Personality in the Workplace: Introduction to the Special Issue".

Reconsidering the Accuracy of Follower Leadership Ratings (2014)
Journal Article
Keller Hansbrough, T., Lord, R., & Schyns, B. (2015). Reconsidering the Accuracy of Follower Leadership Ratings. The Leadership Quarterly, 26(2), 220-237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2014.11.006

Accurate behavioral measurement is essential to developing a science of leadership, yet accurate measurement has remained elusive. The use of follower reports of leader behavior creates challenges given that a large body of basic and applied research... Read More about Reconsidering the Accuracy of Follower Leadership Ratings.

Romance of leadership and motivation to lead. (2014)
Journal Article
Felfe, J., & Schyns, B. (2014). Romance of leadership and motivation to lead. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 29(7), 850-865. https://doi.org/10.1108/jmp-03-2012-0076

Purpose – There is a growing interest in understanding the motivational processes explaining the emergence of leadership. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between Romance of Leadership (RoL), that is the over-attribution of re... Read More about Romance of leadership and motivation to lead..

The impact of university students’ commitment on in- and extra-role performance (2014)
Journal Article
Felfe, J., Schyns, B., & Tymon, A. (2014). The impact of university students’ commitment on in- and extra-role performance. Journal of Applied Research in Higher Education, 6(1), 149-167. https://doi.org/10.1108/jarhe-01-2013-0002

Purpose – Research has shown that employee commitment is an important factor in performance. Research into student commitment in the university context is less common and only few studies explore the different components and foci of commitment. The p... Read More about The impact of university students’ commitment on in- and extra-role performance.

Convergence and Divergence of Paternalistic Leadership: A cross-cultural Investigation of Prototypes (2013)
Journal Article
Aycan, Z., Schyns, B., Sun, J., Felfe, J., & Saher, N. (2013). Convergence and Divergence of Paternalistic Leadership: A cross-cultural Investigation of Prototypes. Journal of International Business Studies, 44, Article 962-969. https://doi.org/10.1057/jibs.2013.48

Paternalistic leaders provide care, nurturance, and guidance to employees in their professional and personal lives in a parental manner, and, in exchange, expect loyalty and deference from employees. This study aims at investigating how the paternali... Read More about Convergence and Divergence of Paternalistic Leadership: A cross-cultural Investigation of Prototypes.

How bad are the effects of bad leaders? A meta-analysis of destructive leadership and its outcomes. (2013)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Schilling, J. (2013). How bad are the effects of bad leaders? A meta-analysis of destructive leadership and its outcomes. The Leadership Quarterly, 24(1), 138-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.leaqua.2012.09.001

While the focus on constructive leadership still dominates leadership research, an increasing number of studies investigate different forms of destructive leadership. This meta-analysis integrates different conceptualizations of destructive leadershi... Read More about How bad are the effects of bad leaders? A meta-analysis of destructive leadership and its outcomes..

Can some leaders have a good relationship with many followers? The role of personality in the relationship between Leader‐Member Exchange and span of control (2012)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Maslyn, J., & van Veldhoven, M. (2012). Can some leaders have a good relationship with many followers? The role of personality in the relationship between Leader‐Member Exchange and span of control. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 33(6), 594-606. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437731211253046

Führung. (2011)
Book Chapter
Kerschreiter, R., Schyns, B., & Frey, D. (2011). Führung. In D. Frey, & H. Bierhoff (Eds.), Sozialpsychologie – Interaktion und Gruppe (Band 22). Hogrefe

Die Bedeutung der Führungskräfte-Kategorisierung für Commitment, Arbeitszufriedenheit und Wohlbefinden unter Berücksichtigung der Geschlechterrollentheorie (The significance of leader categorization for commitment, job satisfaction and well-being in the context of the gender role theory). (2011)
Journal Article
Junker, N., Schyns, B., van Dick, R., & Scheurer, S. (2011). Die Bedeutung der Führungskräfte-Kategorisierung für Commitment, Arbeitszufriedenheit und Wohlbefinden unter Berücksichtigung der Geschlechterrollentheorie (The significance of leader categorization for commitment, job satisfaction and well-being in the context of the gender role theory). Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A & O, 55, 171-179

Teaching Implicit Leadership Theories to develop leaders and leadership – How and why it can make a difference (2011)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Kiefer, T., Kerschreiter, R., & Tymon, A. (2011). Teaching Implicit Leadership Theories to develop leaders and leadership – How and why it can make a difference. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 10(3), 397-408. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2010.0015

Implicit leadership theories (ILTs) are lay images of leadership, which are individually and socially determined. We discuss how teaching ILTs contributes to developing leaders and leaderships by raising self- and social awareness for the contexts in... Read More about Teaching Implicit Leadership Theories to develop leaders and leadership – How and why it can make a difference.

Implicit leadership theories: Think leader, think effective? (2011)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Schilling, J. (2011). Implicit leadership theories: Think leader, think effective?. Journal of Management Inquiry, 20(2), 141-150. https://doi.org/10.1177/1056492610375989

In general, although research into leadership acknowledges negative aspects of leadership, research into implicit leadership theories lags behind in this respect. Most implicit leadership theories research implies that the image of a leader in genera... Read More about Implicit leadership theories: Think leader, think effective?.

The Romance of Leadership scale and causal attributions (2010)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Hansbrough, T. (2012). The Romance of Leadership scale and causal attributions. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42(8), 1870-1886. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00922.x

Two empirical studies examined the relationship between individual-level Romance of Leadership and causal attributions to test and extend the construct validity of the Romance of Leadership Scale. As anticipated, Romance of Leadership significantly p... Read More about The Romance of Leadership scale and causal attributions.

Followers’ personality and the perception of transformational leadership: Further evidence for the similarity hypothesis (2010)
Journal Article
Felfe, J., & Schyns, B. (2010). Followers’ personality and the perception of transformational leadership: Further evidence for the similarity hypothesis. British Journal of Management, 21(2), 393-410. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8551.2009.00649.x

Managers and supervisors are thought to affect their followers' attitudes and behaviour. Within leadership research, behaviour of leaders and managers is usually considered as the independent variable whilst followers' reactions are considered the de... Read More about Followers’ personality and the perception of transformational leadership: Further evidence for the similarity hypothesis.

On the job and co-worker commitment of Dutch agency workers and permanent employees (2010)
Journal Article
Torka, N., & Schyns, B. (2010). On the job and co-worker commitment of Dutch agency workers and permanent employees. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(8), 1307-1322. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2010.483858

This article explores the relationship between employment status (agency workers vs. permanent employees) and affective and normative job and co-worker commitment. Our study was conducted on employees from four metal companies in the Netherlands. As... Read More about On the job and co-worker commitment of Dutch agency workers and permanent employees.

Understanding the relationship between span of control and subordinate consensus in leader-member exchange (2010)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Maslyn, J., & Weibler, J. (2010). Understanding the relationship between span of control and subordinate consensus in leader-member exchange. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 19(3), 388-406. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320903146485

Leader-member exchange (LMX) refers to the relationship quality a leader shares with members of his or her work group, typically described as differentiation in quality within the group. Numerous empirical studies demonstrate that the quality of this... Read More about Understanding the relationship between span of control and subordinate consensus in leader-member exchange.

Self-initiated expatriation: Implications for HRM (2010)
Journal Article
Howe-Walsh, L., & Schyns, B. (2010). Self-initiated expatriation: Implications for HRM. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 21(2), 260-273. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190903509571

The decision of an employee to move from their home country in order to work in another country/culture will create a myriad of issues for the employees to face. Every year, many employees take the decision to migrate. So far the literature has focus... Read More about Self-initiated expatriation: Implications for HRM.

Critique and Review of Leader-Member Exchange Theory: Issues of Agreement, Consensus, and Excellence (2010)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Day, D. (2010). Critique and Review of Leader-Member Exchange Theory: Issues of Agreement, Consensus, and Excellence. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 19(1), 1-29. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320903024922

The relationship quality that develops between leaders and those designated as followers is of longstanding interest to researchers and practitioners. The purpose of the present article is to review the more recent developments in the field of leader... Read More about Critique and Review of Leader-Member Exchange Theory: Issues of Agreement, Consensus, and Excellence.

Leadership attributes valence in self-concept and occupational self-efficacy (2010)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Sczesny, S. (2010). Leadership attributes valence in self-concept and occupational self-efficacy. Career Development International, 15(1), 78-92. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620431011020907

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between leadership-relevant attributes and occupational self-efficacy in management students. It is assumed that leadership-relevant attributes are related to high self-efficacy belie... Read More about Leadership attributes valence in self-concept and occupational self-efficacy.

Group leadership climate and individual organizational commitment: A multi level analysis (2010)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & van Veldhoven, M. (2010). Group leadership climate and individual organizational commitment: A multi level analysis. Journal of personnel psychology (Internet), 9(2), 57-68. https://doi.org/10.1027/1866-5888/a000005

Most research about the effects of leadership on employee work outcomes ignores the fact that the relationship between supervisor and employee is embedded within a group. In this article, we answer the questions what is the effect of group leadership... Read More about Group leadership climate and individual organizational commitment: A multi level analysis.

Direct participation quality and organisational commitment: The role of Leader-Member exchange (2010)
Journal Article
Torka, N., Schyns, B., & Looise, J. (2010). Direct participation quality and organisational commitment: The role of Leader-Member exchange. Employee Relations, 32(4), 418-434. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425451011051622

Purpose – The relationship between participation quality and commitment has received relatively limited attention in the industrial relations (IR) and human resource management (HRM) literature. This paper seeks to fill some of the gaps in prior rese... Read More about Direct participation quality and organisational commitment: The role of Leader-Member exchange.

Organizational climate, relative psychological climate and job satisfaction: the example of supportive leadership climate (2009)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., van Veldhoven, M., & Wood, S. (2009). Organizational climate, relative psychological climate and job satisfaction: the example of supportive leadership climate. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 30(7), 649-663. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730910991664

Purpose – Organizational climate has been shown to predict job satisfaction and other employee attitudes. Using the concept of organizational climate, strength has shown mixed success. However, diversity in psychological climate at the individual lev... Read More about Organizational climate, relative psychological climate and job satisfaction: the example of supportive leadership climate.

A short version of the Occupational self-efficacy scale. Structural and construct validity across five countries (2008)
Journal Article
Rigotti, T., Schyns, B., & Mohr, G. (2008). A short version of the Occupational self-efficacy scale. Structural and construct validity across five countries. Journal of Career Assessment, 16(2), 238-255. https://doi.org/10.1177/1069072707305763

Occupational self-efficacy is an important resource for individuals in organizations. To be able to compare the occupational self-efficacy of employees across different countries, equivalent versions of the standard instruments need to be made availa... Read More about A short version of the Occupational self-efficacy scale. Structural and construct validity across five countries.

Daily Work Contexts and Resistance to Organisational Change: The Role of Leader-Member Exchange, Development Climate, and Change Process Characteristics (2008)
Journal Article
van Dam, K., Oreg, S., & Schyns, B. (2008). Daily Work Contexts and Resistance to Organisational Change: The Role of Leader-Member Exchange, Development Climate, and Change Process Characteristics. Applied Psychology, 57(2), 313-334. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00311.x

In the last decade, researchers have started to investigate the psychological processes that are involved in employees’ experiences of organisational change. The present study examined how characteristics of the daily work context related to employee... Read More about Daily Work Contexts and Resistance to Organisational Change: The Role of Leader-Member Exchange, Development Climate, and Change Process Characteristics.

Does the form of employment make a difference? - Commitment of traditional, temporary, and self-employed workers (2008)
Journal Article
Felfe, J., Schmook, R., Schyns, B., & Six, B. (2008). Does the form of employment make a difference? - Commitment of traditional, temporary, and self-employed workers. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 72(1), 81-94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2007.10.008

Increasing change in the labor market has produced new forms of employment. A growing number of people have temporary jobs or are self-employed freelancers. The aim of our study is to address these changes by introducing commitment to the form of emp... Read More about Does the form of employment make a difference? - Commitment of traditional, temporary, and self-employed workers.

Follower characteristics and the perception of Leader-Member Exchange (2008)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Kroon, B., & Moors, G. (2008). Follower characteristics and the perception of Leader-Member Exchange. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 23(7), 772-788. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940810896330

Purpose – This study aims to focus on the perception of leader-member exchange (LMX). It is assumed that the perceived quality of the relationship is not only related to the actual quality of the relationship, but also to followers' expectancies and... Read More about Follower characteristics and the perception of Leader-Member Exchange.

The relationship between Leader-Member Exchange and outcomes as rated by leaders and followers (2008)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Wolfram, H. (2008). The relationship between Leader-Member Exchange and outcomes as rated by leaders and followers. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 29(7), 631-646. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437730810906362

Purpose – Leader-member exchange (LMX) is positively related to outcome criteria in many studies. In most of these studies, these correlations were obtained using solely follower-rated LMX. This paper aims to include both follower and leader ratings... Read More about The relationship between Leader-Member Exchange and outcomes as rated by leaders and followers.

Einflussfaktoren auf die Wahrnehmung von Führung (Influences on the perception of leadership) (2008)
Journal Article
Schyns, B. (2008). Einflussfaktoren auf die Wahrnehmung von Führung (Influences on the perception of leadership). Zeitschrift für Arbeits- und Organisationspsychologie A & O, 52(4), 182-190. https://doi.org/10.1026/0932-4089.52.4.182

Führungsverhalten wird meistens anhand von Befragungen der Geführten erfasst. Eine häufig vernachlässigte Frage bezieht sich in diesem Zusammenhang darauf, inwieweit solche Befragungen das tatsächliche Verhalten der evaluierten Führungskraft oder vie... Read More about Einflussfaktoren auf die Wahrnehmung von Führung (Influences on the perception of leadership).

Why the brewery ran out of beer - The attribution of mistakes in a leadership context (2008)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Hansbrough, T. (2008). Why the brewery ran out of beer - The attribution of mistakes in a leadership context. Social Psychology, 39(3), 197-203. https://doi.org/10.1027/1864-9335.39.3.197

According to Heider (1958), observers tend to discount situational factors and overemphasize the internal characteristics of the actor when making causal attributions. Specifically, in an organizational setting, leadership perceptions of followers ma... Read More about Why the brewery ran out of beer - The attribution of mistakes in a leadership context.

Is there a male advantage in the effects of feedback and leadership on leaders’ occupational self-efficacy? (2008)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., van Elversfeldt, A., & Felfe, J. (2008). Is there a male advantage in the effects of feedback and leadership on leaders’ occupational self-efficacy?. Equal opportunities international, 27(7), 596-612. https://doi.org/10.1108/02610150810904300

Purpose – The focus of this paper is on the effects of transformational/charismatic leadership and feedback on the occupational self-efficacy (OCCSEFF) of male and female managers. Given that transformational/charismatic leadership fits the female ro... Read More about Is there a male advantage in the effects of feedback and leadership on leaders’ occupational self-efficacy?.

Is charisma hyper-romanticism? Empirical evidence from new data and a meta-analysis (2007)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Felfe, J., & Blank, H. (2007). Is charisma hyper-romanticism? Empirical evidence from new data and a meta-analysis. Applied Psychology, 56(4), 505-527. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.2007.00302.x

In prior research, mixed results were obtained with respect to the relationship between Romance of Leadership and the perception of transformational leadership. In this paper, we first present new studies originating from different contexts (students... Read More about Is charisma hyper-romanticism? Empirical evidence from new data and a meta-analysis.

In the eyes of the beholder: Personality and the perception of leadership (2007)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Sanders, K. (2007). In the eyes of the beholder: Personality and the perception of leadership. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 37(10), 2345-2363. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00261.x

This series of studies focuses on the extent to which the personality of followers is related to their perception of transformational leadership. Followers from 3 different companies and students from a Dutch university were questioned on their perso... Read More about In the eyes of the beholder: Personality and the perception of leadership.

The Romance of Leadership Scale – Cross-cultural testing and refinement (2007)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Meindl, J., & Croon, M. (2007). The Romance of Leadership Scale – Cross-cultural testing and refinement. Leadership, 3(1), 29-46. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742715007073063

The Romance of Leadership Scale (RLS) has been used in various studies in different countries and contexts. However, to date, the structure of the scale has been a subject of discussion, making it difficult to compare results over different studies.... Read More about The Romance of Leadership Scale – Cross-cultural testing and refinement.

On the transferability of ‘traditional’ satisfaction theory to non-traditional employment relationships: Temp agency work satisfaction (2007)
Journal Article
Torka, N., & Schyns, B. (2007). On the transferability of ‘traditional’ satisfaction theory to non-traditional employment relationships: Temp agency work satisfaction. Employee Relations, 29(5), 440-457. https://doi.org/10.1108/01425450710776272

Purpose – The main purpose of this paper is to identify sources of temp agency work satisfaction and discuss whether or not these sources differ from those well-known to traditional satisfaction research (i.e. those appropriate for employees with a p... Read More about On the transferability of ‘traditional’ satisfaction theory to non-traditional employment relationships: Temp agency work satisfaction.

Professional respect for female and male leaders: Influential gender-relevant factors (2007)
Journal Article
Wolfram, H., Mohr, G., & Schyns, B. (2007). Professional respect for female and male leaders: Influential gender-relevant factors. Women in management review (1992), 22(1), 19-32. https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420710726201

Purpose – The paper aims to test the impact of gender-relevant factors on professional respect for leaders. Design/methodology/approach – Three determinants were analysed: gender constellation (gender match) between leaders and followers, gender-ster... Read More about Professional respect for female and male leaders: Influential gender-relevant factors.

Turnover intention and preparedness for change: Exploring Leader-Member Exchange and occupational self-efficacy as antecedents of two employability predictors (2007)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Torka, N., & Goessling, T. (2007). Turnover intention and preparedness for change: Exploring Leader-Member Exchange and occupational self-efficacy as antecedents of two employability predictors. Career Development International, 12(7), 660-679. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430710834413

Purpose – “Turnover intention” is defined as an employee's intention to voluntarily change jobs or companies. The purpose of this paper is to set “turnover intention” in relation to “preparedness for change”. The former relates to the change of jobs... Read More about Turnover intention and preparedness for change: Exploring Leader-Member Exchange and occupational self-efficacy as antecedents of two employability predictors.

Work Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Withdrawal Behaviours (2007)
Journal Article
Falkenburg, K., & Schyns, B. (2007). Work Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Withdrawal Behaviours. Management research news, 30(10), 708-723. https://doi.org/10.1108/01409170710823430

Purpose – The focus of this research paper is on the effects of work satisfaction and organizational commitment on withdrawal behaviours. In order to acquire a better understanding of this relationship, the moderating effects of work satisfaction and... Read More about Work Satisfaction, Organizational Commitment and Withdrawal Behaviours.

The personality of followers and its effect on the perception of leadership – An overview, a study and a research agenda (2006)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Felfe, J. (2006). The personality of followers and its effect on the perception of leadership – An overview, a study and a research agenda. Small Group Research, 37(5), 522-539. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496406293013

This article focuses on the way in which followers' personality characteristics shape their perception of transformational leaders. After a review of prior research, a study using a U.S. employee sample is presented in which follower extraversion and... Read More about The personality of followers and its effect on the perception of leadership – An overview, a study and a research agenda.

Leader-Member Exchange theory and research: Accomplishments and future challenges (2006)
Journal Article
van Breukelen, W., Schyns, B., & Le Blanc, P. (2006). Leader-Member Exchange theory and research: Accomplishments and future challenges. Leadership, 2(3), 295-316. https://doi.org/10.1177/1742715006066023

In the Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) theory of leadership, the quality of the exchange relationship between a leader and a particular member of a work unit, team or organization is the basic unit of analysis (dyad). In this article, we try to answer t... Read More about Leader-Member Exchange theory and research: Accomplishments and future challenges.

A model of task demands, social structure, and Leader-Member Exchange and their relationship to job satisfaction (2006)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Croon, M. (2006). A model of task demands, social structure, and Leader-Member Exchange and their relationship to job satisfaction. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 17(4), 602-615. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585190600581378

In the present study, we examine task demands, leader-member exchange, and social structure in their relationship to job satisfaction. Based on the reflections of Seers and Graen in their dual attachment model, in the present study we combined task d... Read More about A model of task demands, social structure, and Leader-Member Exchange and their relationship to job satisfaction.

Personality and the perception of transformational leadership: The impact of extraversion, neuroticism, personal need for structure, and occupational self efficacy (2006)
Journal Article
Felfe, J., & Schyns, B. (2006). Personality and the perception of transformational leadership: The impact of extraversion, neuroticism, personal need for structure, and occupational self efficacy. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 36(3), 708-739. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00026.x

This experimental study examined the influence of followers' personal characteristics on their perception of leadership. Participants were 175 students who self-rated several personality scales (extraversion, neuroticism, personal need for structure,... Read More about Personality and the perception of transformational leadership: The impact of extraversion, neuroticism, personal need for structure, and occupational self efficacy.

Are group consensus in Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and shared work values related to organizational outcomes? (2006)
Journal Article
Schyns, B. (2006). Are group consensus in Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and shared work values related to organizational outcomes?. Small Group Research, 37(1), 20-35. https://doi.org/10.1177/1046496405281770

Leader-member exchange (LMX) refers to the relationship quality between leader and follower. Mostly, LMX is rated individually and related to outcomes. In this study, the focus is on consensus of LMX within a team. However, a high consensus in follow... Read More about Are group consensus in Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) and shared work values related to organizational outcomes?.

Trust, conflict and cooperative behaviour : considering reciprocity within organizations (2006)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Sanders, K. (2006). Trust, conflict and cooperative behaviour : considering reciprocity within organizations. Personnel Review, 35(5), 508-518. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480610682262

Purpose – In this introduction of the special issue “Trust, conflict and cooperative behaviour” the focus of the special issue is introduced: because al lot of attitudinal and behavioural employees' outcomes are based on reciprocity, they should be e... Read More about Trust, conflict and cooperative behaviour : considering reciprocity within organizations.

Leadership and solidarity behaviour: Consensus in perception of employees within teams (2006)
Journal Article
Sanders, K., & Schyns, B. (2006). Leadership and solidarity behaviour: Consensus in perception of employees within teams. Personnel Review, 35(5), 538-556. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483480610682280

Purpose – This study focuses on the relationship between cohesion, consensus in the perception of leadership style of the supervisor within teams and solidarity behaviour of employees towards their supervisor (vertical solidarity behaviour) and towar... Read More about Leadership and solidarity behaviour: Consensus in perception of employees within teams.

Implicit theory of leadership (2006)
Book Chapter
Schyns, B. (2006). Implicit theory of leadership. In S. Rogelberg (Ed.), Encyclopedia of industrial and organizational psychology (334-335). SAGE Publications

Career competences for career success (2006)
Journal Article
Kuijpers, M., Schyns, B., & Scheerens, J. (2006). Career competences for career success. The Career Development Quarterly, 55(2), 168-178

The role of implicit leadership theories in the performance appraisals and promotion recommendations of leaders (2006)
Journal Article
Schyns, B. (2006). The role of implicit leadership theories in the performance appraisals and promotion recommendations of leaders. Equal opportunities international, 25(3), 188-199. https://doi.org/10.1108/02610150610687836

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is explore the role that the implicit leadership theories held by followers and supervisors play in the performance appraisals of specific leaders, as well as in the promotion recommendations to higher levels of ma... Read More about The role of implicit leadership theories in the performance appraisals and promotion recommendations of leaders.

Employability en individuele ontwikkeling op het werk (Employability and individual development at the workplace) (2006)
Journal Article
van Dam, K., van der Heijden, B., & Schyns, B. (2006). Employability en individuele ontwikkeling op het werk (Employability and individual development at the workplace). Gedrag & Organisatie, 19(1), 53-68

In the past decades, employability and employee development have received increased attention. Changes within and around organizations have emphasized the need for flexible firms and a multi-skilled work force, while, at the same time, employees have... Read More about Employability en individuele ontwikkeling op het werk (Employability and individual development at the workplace).

Moderatorvariablen für den Zusammenhang zwischen Commitment und transformationaler Führung: Führungsdistanz und Kommunikationsqualität (Moderating variables for the relationship between commitment and transformational leadership: Leader distance, and the quality of communication between leader and follower) (2006)
Journal Article
Pundt, A., Böhme, H., & Schyns, B. (2006). Moderatorvariablen für den Zusammenhang zwischen Commitment und transformationaler Führung: Führungsdistanz und Kommunikationsqualität (Moderating variables for the relationship between commitment and transformational leadership: Leader distance, and the quality of communication between leader and follower). Journal of Personnel Psychology, 5(3), 108-120. https://doi.org/10.1026/1617-6391.5.3.108

Comparing Antecedents and Consequences of Leader-Member Exchange in a German Working Context to Findings in the US (2005)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., Paul, T., Mohr, G., & Blank, H. (2005). Comparing Antecedents and Consequences of Leader-Member Exchange in a German Working Context to Findings in the US. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 14(1), 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320444000191

This article gives an overview of several studies focusing on antecedents and consequences of leader - member exchange (LMX) in a German working context and compares these results to results from prior studies in the US. The German results indicate t... Read More about Comparing Antecedents and Consequences of Leader-Member Exchange in a German Working Context to Findings in the US.

Exploring gender differences in leaders' occupational self-efficacy (2005)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Sanders, K. (2005). Exploring gender differences in leaders' occupational self-efficacy. Women in management review (1992), 20(7), 513-523. https://doi.org/10.1108/09649420510624747

Purpose – This study focuses on gender differences in the relationship between transformational leadership and leader's occupational self-efficacy. The aim is to explain how female and male leaders develop their self-efficacy. This knowledge is impor... Read More about Exploring gender differences in leaders' occupational self-efficacy.

Führung im Ideenmanagement - Der Zusammenhang zwischen transformationaler Führung und dem individuellen Engagement im Ideenmanagement (Leadership in idea management: The correlation between transformational leadership and personal effort in idea management) (2005)
Journal Article
Pundt, A., & Schyns, B. (2005). Führung im Ideenmanagement - Der Zusammenhang zwischen transformationaler Führung und dem individuellen Engagement im Ideenmanagement (Leadership in idea management: The correlation between transformational leadership and personal effort in idea management). Journal of Personnel Psychology, 4(2), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.1026/1617-6391.4.2.55

Psychologische Bedingungen für den Erfolg des Ideenmanagements wurden bislang kaum empirisch untersucht. Sowohl aus theoretischer wie auch aus praktischer Sicht wird dem Faktor Führung diesbezüglich eine wichtige Rolle zugeschrieben. In dieser Studie... Read More about Führung im Ideenmanagement - Der Zusammenhang zwischen transformationaler Führung und dem individuellen Engagement im Ideenmanagement (Leadership in idea management: The correlation between transformational leadership and personal effort in idea management).

Der Einfluß von impliziten Führungstheorien und Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen auf die Wahrnehmung und Akzeptanz transformationaler Führung (The influence of implicit leadership theories and personality on the perception and acceptance of transformational leadership). (2004)
Book Chapter
Felfe, J., & Schyns, B. (2004). Der Einfluß von impliziten Führungstheorien und Persönlichkeitsmerkmalen auf die Wahrnehmung und Akzeptanz transformationaler Führung (The influence of implicit leadership theories and personality on the perception and acceptance of transformational leadership). In W. Bungard, B. Koop, & C. Liebig (Eds.), Psychologie und Wirtschaft leben. Aktuelle Themen der Wirtschaftspsychologie in Forschung und Praxis. Hampp

Gender Stereotypes and the Attribution of Leadership Traits: A Cross-Cultural Comparison (2004)
Journal Article
Sczesny, S., Bosak, J., Neff, D., & Schyns, B. (2004). Gender Stereotypes and the Attribution of Leadership Traits: A Cross-Cultural Comparison. Sex Roles, 51(11-12), 631-645. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-004-0715-0

In this study, we analyzed cultural variations of managerial gender typing, that is, that managers are perceived as possessing traits that are part of the masculine stereotype. Management students of both sexes from three different countries—Australi... Read More about Gender Stereotypes and the Attribution of Leadership Traits: A Cross-Cultural Comparison.

Mood and the evaluation of leaders – A replication using an employee sample (2004)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Sanders, K. (2004). Mood and the evaluation of leaders – A replication using an employee sample. Current research in social psychology, 10(5), 58-68

A recently published study in Current Research in Social Psychology (Schyns & Sanders, 2003) focused on the relationship between mood and the perception of leadership. Although this experimental study showed a relationship between mood and the percep... Read More about Mood and the evaluation of leaders – A replication using an employee sample.

Impliciete leiderschap theorieën en de perceptie van transformationeel leiderschap: een replicatie van Duits onderzoek (Implicit leadership theories and the perception of transformational leadership: A replication of a German study) (2004)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Sanders, K. (2004). Impliciete leiderschap theorieën en de perceptie van transformationeel leiderschap: een replicatie van Duits onderzoek (Implicit leadership theories and the perception of transformational leadership: A replication of a German study). Gedrag & Organisatie, 17(2), 143-154

Results of a German study show that implicit leadership theories do influence the evaluation of leaders. In this article the German study is replicated in a Dutch situation. In an experimental setting, the effects of two implicit leadership theories,... Read More about Impliciete leiderschap theorieën en de perceptie van transformationeel leiderschap: een replicatie van Duits onderzoek (Implicit leadership theories and the perception of transformational leadership: A replication of a German study).

The influence of occupational self-efficacy on the relationship of leadership behavior and preparedness for occupational change (2004)
Journal Article
Schyns, B. (2004). The influence of occupational self-efficacy on the relationship of leadership behavior and preparedness for occupational change. Journal of Career Development, 30(4), 247-261. https://doi.org/10.1177/089484530403000402

A theoretical framework for the relationship between preparedness for occupational change, occupational self-efficacy, and leadership is presented. Preparedness for occupational change is defined as the wish to acquire higher task demands (i.e. great... Read More about The influence of occupational self-efficacy on the relationship of leadership behavior and preparedness for occupational change.

Is similarity in leadership related to organizational outcomes? The case of transformational leadership (2004)
Journal Article
Felfe, J., & Schyns, B. (2004). Is similarity in leadership related to organizational outcomes? The case of transformational leadership. Journal of Leadership and Organizational Studies, 10(4), 92-102. https://doi.org/10.1177/107179190401000407

In this study, 213 supervisors from two public administration offices rated their own leadership behavior as well as their leaders' behavior on the MLQ. The relationship between own self-rated transformational leadership and perceived transformationa... Read More about Is similarity in leadership related to organizational outcomes? The case of transformational leadership.

Non-verbal elements of leadership behaviour (2004)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Mohr, G. (2004). Non-verbal elements of leadership behaviour. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 18(3), 289-305

In this theoretical paper, we investigate the importance of nonverbal behaviour in the context of leadership. Research on the decoding of social interactions has shown that the quality or type of relationship as well as relationally relevant emotiona... Read More about Non-verbal elements of leadership behaviour.

Mood and the evaluation of leaders (2003)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Sanders, K. (2003). Mood and the evaluation of leaders. Current research in social psychology, 9(4), 50-59

Research on the evaluation of leaders has shown that evaluation ratings are prone to several biases. The present study deals with one possible bias, namely, the relationship between mood and the perception or evaluation of a leader. The affect-as-inf... Read More about Mood and the evaluation of leaders.

A new occupational self-efficacy scale and its relation to personality constructs and organizational variables (2002)
Journal Article
Schyns, B., & Collani, G. V. (2002). A new occupational self-efficacy scale and its relation to personality constructs and organizational variables. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 11(2), 219-241. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320244000148

Three studies on occupational self-efficacy are presented. In the first study, a scale of occupational self-efficacy is developed and set in relation to several personality constructs (general self-efficacy, self-esteem, internal control beliefs, and... Read More about A new occupational self-efficacy scale and its relation to personality constructs and organizational variables.

The relationship between employees' occupational self-efficacy and perceived transformational leadership-replication and extension of recent results (2002)
Journal Article
Felfe, J., & Schyns, B. (2002). The relationship between employees' occupational self-efficacy and perceived transformational leadership-replication and extension of recent results. Current research in social psychology, 7(9), 137-162

The relationship between transformational leadership and self-efficacy is not yet fully explained. Different hypotheses have been posed ranging from positive to negative relationships between the constructs. The aim of this study is to further clarif... Read More about The relationship between employees' occupational self-efficacy and perceived transformational leadership-replication and extension of recent results.

Geschlecht und Differenzierung von Führung (Gender and Differentiation of Leadership) (2002)
Journal Article
Schyns, B. (2002). Geschlecht und Differenzierung von Führung (Gender and Differentiation of Leadership). Wirtschaftspsychologie (Lengerich), 1, 45-49

Die Führungsforschung beschäftigt sich mit verschiedenen Konzeptionen von Führung. Dabei bleibt die Frage offen, inwieweit diese von Geführten unterschieden werden. Dieser Aspekt soll hier genauer betrachtet werden. Verbunden damit ist die Frage, ob... Read More about Geschlecht und Differenzierung von Führung (Gender and Differentiation of Leadership).

The relationship between employees’self-monitoring and occupational self-efficacy and transformational leadership (2001)
Journal Article
Schyns, B. (2001). The relationship between employees’self-monitoring and occupational self-efficacy and transformational leadership. Current research in social psychology, 7(3), 30-42

The topic of the present study is the relationship between transformational leadership as perceived by followers and follower characteristics such as self-monitoring and self-efficacy. Self-monitoring was hypothesized to be positively related to tran... Read More about The relationship between employees’self-monitoring and occupational self-efficacy and transformational leadership.