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Martian cave detection via machine learning coupled with visible light imagery (2024)
Journal Article
Watson, T. H., & Baldini, J. U. (2024). Martian cave detection via machine learning coupled with visible light imagery. Icarus, 411, Article 115952. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2024.115952

Cave entrances on Mars, formed from lava tube collapses, are key to the future exploration of the planet. They represent valuable exploration targets for signs of life and could provide shelter for prospective human endeavours. In this survey, a conv... Read More about Martian cave detection via machine learning coupled with visible light imagery.

Sensitivity of Neoproterozoic snowball-Earth inceptions to continental configuration, orbital geometry, and volcanism (2023)
Journal Article
Eberhard, J., Bevan, O. E., Feulner, G., Petri, S., van Hunen, J., & Baldini, J. U. L. (2023). Sensitivity of Neoproterozoic snowball-Earth inceptions to continental configuration, orbital geometry, and volcanism. Climate of the Past, 19(11), 2203-2235. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-2203-2023

The Cryogenian period (720–635 million years ago) in the Neoproterozoic era featured two phases of global or near-global ice cover termed “snowball Earth”. Climate models of all kinds indicate that the inception of these phases must have occurred in... Read More about Sensitivity of Neoproterozoic snowball-Earth inceptions to continental configuration, orbital geometry, and volcanism.

Decline in seasonal predictability potentially destabilized Classic Maya societies (2023)
Journal Article
Braun, T., Breitenbach, S. F., Skiba, V., Lechleitner, F. A., Ray, E. E., Baldini, L. M., …Marwan, N. (2023). Decline in seasonal predictability potentially destabilized Classic Maya societies. Communications Earth & Environment, 4(1), Article 82. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-023-00717-5

Classic Maya populations living in peri-urban states were highly dependent on seasonally distributed rainfall for reliable surplus crop yields. Despite intense study of the potential impact of decadal to centennial-scale climatic changes on the demis... Read More about Decline in seasonal predictability potentially destabilized Classic Maya societies.

Drought-Induced Civil Conflict Among the Ancient Maya (2022)
Journal Article
Kennett, D., Masson, M., Peraza Lope, C., Serafin, S., George, R., Spencer, T., …Hodell, D. (2022). Drought-Induced Civil Conflict Among the Ancient Maya. Nature Communications, 13, Article 3911. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31522-x

The influence of climate change on civil conflict and societal instability in the premodern world is a subject of much debate, in part because of the limited temporal or disciplinary scope of case studies. We present a transdisciplinary case study th... Read More about Drought-Induced Civil Conflict Among the Ancient Maya.

Detecting and quantifying palaeoseasonality in stalagmites using geochemical and modelling approaches (2021)
Journal Article
Baldini, J. U., Lechleitner, F. A., Breitenbach, S. F., van Hunen, J., Baldini, L. M., Wynn, P. M., …Fohlmeister, J. (2021). Detecting and quantifying palaeoseasonality in stalagmites using geochemical and modelling approaches. Quaternary Science Reviews, 254, Article 106784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106784

Stalagmites are an extraordinarily powerful resource for the reconstruction of climatological palaeoseasonality. Here, we provide a review of different types of seasonality preserved by stalagmites and methods for extracting this information. A new d... Read More about Detecting and quantifying palaeoseasonality in stalagmites using geochemical and modelling approaches.

Volcanism and global plague pandemics: Towards an interdisciplinary synthesis (2020)
Journal Article
Fell, H. G., Baldini, J. U., Dodds, B., & Sharples, G. J. (2020). Volcanism and global plague pandemics: Towards an interdisciplinary synthesis. Journal of Historical Geography, 70, 36-46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhg.2020.10.001

Understanding the prevalence and dissemination of bacterial pathogens such as Yersinia pestis, the bacterial agent of plague, is key to identifying the origins and demographic impact of historic pandemic episodes and mitigating future risk. Climate m... Read More about Volcanism and global plague pandemics: Towards an interdisciplinary synthesis.

Intertropical convergence zone variability in the Neotropics during the Common Era (2020)
Journal Article
Asmerom, Y., Baldini, J., Prufer, K., Polyak, V., Ridley, H., Aquino, V., …Kennett, D. (2020). Intertropical convergence zone variability in the Neotropics during the Common Era. Science Advances, 6(7), Article eaax3644. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax3644

Large changes in hydroclimate in the Neotropics implied by proxy evidence, such as during the Little Ice Age, have been attributed to meridional shifts of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), although alternative modes of ITCZ variability have... Read More about Intertropical convergence zone variability in the Neotropics during the Common Era.

North Iberian temperature and rainfall seasonality over the Younger Dryas and Holocene (2019)
Journal Article
Baldini, L., Baldini, J., McDermott, F., Arias, P., Cueto, M., Fairchild, I., …Richards, D. (2019). North Iberian temperature and rainfall seasonality over the Younger Dryas and Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews, 226, Article 105998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105998

Several stalagmite records have yielded important but discontinuous insights into northern Iberian climate since the Last Glacial. Here we present the first continuous Iberian stalagmite-based reconstruction of climate since the Bølling-Allerød inter... Read More about North Iberian temperature and rainfall seasonality over the Younger Dryas and Holocene.

Towards organic carbon isotope records from stalagmites: coupled d13C and 14 C analysis using wet chemical oxidation (2019)
Journal Article
Lechleitner, F. A., Lang, S. Q., Haghipour, N., McIntyre, C., Baldini, J. U., Prufer, K. M., & Eglinton, T. I. (2019). Towards organic carbon isotope records from stalagmites: coupled d13C and 14 C analysis using wet chemical oxidation. Radiocarbon, 61(3), 749-764. https://doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2019.35

Speleothem organic matter can be a powerful tracer for past environmental conditions and karst processes. Carbon isotope measurements (δ13C and 14C) in particular can provide crucial information on the provenance and age of speleothem organic matter,... Read More about Towards organic carbon isotope records from stalagmites: coupled d13C and 14 C analysis using wet chemical oxidation.

Evaluating the significance of the contrail effect on diurnal temperature range using the Eyjafjallajökull eruption-related flight disruption (2018)
Journal Article
Sandhu, A. S., & Baldini, J. U. (2018). Evaluating the significance of the contrail effect on diurnal temperature range using the Eyjafjallajökull eruption-related flight disruption. Geophysical Research Letters, 45(23), 13,090-13,098. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl080899

Meteorological data collected during the post‐9/11 flight grounding in the USA suggested that the removal of contrails increased diurnal temperature range (DTR), but subsequent research has contested this result. The 2010 Eyjafjallajökull eruption re... Read More about Evaluating the significance of the contrail effect on diurnal temperature range using the Eyjafjallajökull eruption-related flight disruption.

The SISAL database: a global resource to document oxygen and carbon isotope records from speleothems (2018)
Journal Article
Atsawawaranunt, K., Comas-Bru, L., Mozhdehi, S. A., Deininger, M., Harrison, S. P., Baker, A., …Working Group Members, S. (2018). The SISAL database: a global resource to document oxygen and carbon isotope records from speleothems. Earth System Science Data, 10(3), 1687-1713. https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2018-17

Stable isotope records from speleothems provide information on past climate changes, most particularly information that can be used to reconstruct past changes in precipitation and atmospheric circulation. These records are increasingly being used to... Read More about The SISAL database: a global resource to document oxygen and carbon isotope records from speleothems.

Evaluating the link between the sulphur-rich Laacher See volcanic eruption and the Younger Dryas climate anomaly (2018)
Journal Article
Baldini, J. U., Brown, R. J., & Mawdsley, N. (2018). Evaluating the link between the sulphur-rich Laacher See volcanic eruption and the Younger Dryas climate anomaly. Climate of the Past, 14(7), 969-990. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-14-969-2018

The Younger Dryas is considered the archetypal millennial-scale climate change event, and identifying its cause is fundamental for thoroughly understanding climate systematics during deglaciations. However, the mechanisms responsible for its initiati... Read More about Evaluating the link between the sulphur-rich Laacher See volcanic eruption and the Younger Dryas climate anomaly.

Sulphate partitioning into calcite: Experimental verification of pH control and application to seasonality in speleothems (2018)
Journal Article
Wynn, P. M., Fairchild, I., Borsato, A., Spötl, C., Hartland, A., Baker, A., …Baldini, J. (2018). Sulphate partitioning into calcite: Experimental verification of pH control and application to seasonality in speleothems. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 226, 69-83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2018.01.020

Carbonate-associated sulphate (CAS) is a useful carrier of palaeoenvironmental information throughout the geologic record, particularly through its stable isotope composition. However, a paucity of experimental data restricts quantitative understandi... Read More about Sulphate partitioning into calcite: Experimental verification of pH control and application to seasonality in speleothems.

Ground air: A first approximation of the Earth's second largest reservoir of carbon dioxide gas (2017)
Journal Article
Baldini, J. U., Bertram, R. A., & Ridley, H. E. (2018). Ground air: A first approximation of the Earth's second largest reservoir of carbon dioxide gas. Science of the Total Environment, 616-617, 1007-1013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.10.218

It is becoming increasingly clear that a substantial reservoir of carbon exists in the unsaturated zone of aquifers, though the total size of this reservoir on a global scale remains unquantified. Here we provide the first broad estimate of the amoun... Read More about Ground air: A first approximation of the Earth's second largest reservoir of carbon dioxide gas.

A regime shift in the Sun-Climate connection with the end of the Medieval Climate Anomaly (2017)
Journal Article
Smirnov, D., Breitenbach, S., Feulner, G., Lechleitner, F., Prufer, K., Baldini, J., …Kurths, J. (2017). A regime shift in the Sun-Climate connection with the end of the Medieval Climate Anomaly. Scientific Reports, 7, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-11340-8

Understanding the influence of changes in solar activity on Earth’s climate and distinguishing it from other forcings, such as volcanic activity, remains a major challenge for palaeoclimatology. This problem is best approached by investigating how th... Read More about A regime shift in the Sun-Climate connection with the end of the Medieval Climate Anomaly.

Molecular signatures of dissolved organic matter in a tropical karst system (2017)
Journal Article
Lechleitner, F., Dittmar, T., Baldini, J., Prufer, K., & Eglinton, T. (2017). Molecular signatures of dissolved organic matter in a tropical karst system. Organic Geochemistry, 113, 141-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2017.07.015

Karst areas are widespread landforms present on all continents, formed by the dissolution of carbonate or evaporite host rock. Little is known about the composition and nature of dissolved organic matter (DOM) as it moves through karst systems, altho... Read More about Molecular signatures of dissolved organic matter in a tropical karst system.

Tropical rainfall over the last two millennia: evidence for a low-latitude hydrologic seesaw (2017)
Journal Article
Lechleitner, F. A., Breitenbach, S. F., Rehfeld, K., Ridley, H. E., Asmerom, Y., Prufer, K. M., …Baldini, J. U. (2017). Tropical rainfall over the last two millennia: evidence for a low-latitude hydrologic seesaw. Scientific Reports, 7, Article 45809. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45809

The presence of a low- to mid-latitude interhemispheric hydrologic seesaw is apparent over orbital and glacial-interglacial timescales, but its existence over the most recent past remains unclear. Here we investigate, based on climate proxy reconstru... Read More about Tropical rainfall over the last two millennia: evidence for a low-latitude hydrologic seesaw.

Persistent northward North Atlantic tropical cyclone track migration over the past five centuries (2016)
Journal Article
Baldini, L., Baldini, J., McElwaine, J., Frappier, A., Asmerom, Y., Liu, K., …Breitenbach, S. (2016). Persistent northward North Atlantic tropical cyclone track migration over the past five centuries. Scientific Reports, 6, Article 37522. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep37522

Accurately predicting future tropical cyclone risk requires understanding the fundamental controls on tropical cyclone dynamics. Here we present an annually-resolved 450-year reconstruction of western Caribbean tropical cyclone activity developed usi... Read More about Persistent northward North Atlantic tropical cyclone track migration over the past five centuries.

Hydrological and climatological controls on radiocarbon concentrations in a tropical stalagmite (2016)
Journal Article
Lechleitner, F., Baldini, J., Breitenbach, S., Fohlmeister, J., McIntyre, C., Goswani, B., …Eglinton, T. (2016). Hydrological and climatological controls on radiocarbon concentrations in a tropical stalagmite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 194, 233-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.08.039

Precisely-dated stalagmites are increasingly important archives for the reconstruction of terrestrial paleoclimate at very high temporal resolution. In-depth understanding of local conditions at the cave site and of the processes driving stalagmite d... Read More about Hydrological and climatological controls on radiocarbon concentrations in a tropical stalagmite.

Intra- and inter-annual uranium concentration variability in a Belizean stalagmite controlled by prior aragonite precipitation: A new tool for reconstructing hydro-climate using aragonitic speleothems (2016)
Journal Article
Jamieson, R., Baldini, J., Brett, M., Taylor, J., Ridley, H., Ottley, C., …Breitenbach, S. (2016). Intra- and inter-annual uranium concentration variability in a Belizean stalagmite controlled by prior aragonite precipitation: A new tool for reconstructing hydro-climate using aragonitic speleothems. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 190, 332-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.06.037

Aragonitic speleothems are increasingly utilised as palaeoclimate archives due to their amenability to high precision U–Th dating. Proxy records from fast-growing aragonitic stalagmites, precisely dated to annual timescales, can allow investigation o... Read More about Intra- and inter-annual uranium concentration variability in a Belizean stalagmite controlled by prior aragonite precipitation: A new tool for reconstructing hydro-climate using aragonitic speleothems.

Determination of aragonite trace element distribution coefficients from speleothem calcite–aragonite transitions (2016)
Journal Article
Wassenburg, J., Scholz, D., Jochumb, K., Cheng, H., Ostere, J., Immenhauser, A., …Breitenbach, S. (2016). Determination of aragonite trace element distribution coefficients from speleothem calcite–aragonite transitions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 190, 347-367. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2016.06.036

The processes that govern the incorporation of (trace) elements into speleothems can often be linked to environmental changes. Although element incorporation into speleothem calcite is now reasonably well understood, current knowledge regarding trace... Read More about Determination of aragonite trace element distribution coefficients from speleothem calcite–aragonite transitions.

A novel approach for construction of radiocarbon-based chronologies for speleothems (2016)
Journal Article
Lechleitner, F., Fohlmeister, J., McIntyre, C., Baldini, L., Jamieson, R., Hercman, H., …Baldini, J. (2016). A novel approach for construction of radiocarbon-based chronologies for speleothems. Quaternary Geochronology, 35, 54-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quageo.2016.05.006

Robust chronologies are crucial for the correct interpretation of climate proxy records and for detailed reconstructions of palaeoclimate. Stalagmites have garnered strong interest as recorders of past climate in part due to their amenability to U-se... Read More about A novel approach for construction of radiocarbon-based chronologies for speleothems.

High resolution monitoring of Yok Balum Cave, Belize: an investigation of seasonal ventilation regimes and the atmospheric and drip-flow response to a local earthquake (2015)
Journal Article
Ridley, H., Baldini, J., Prufer, K., Walczak, I., & Breitenbach, S. (2015). High resolution monitoring of Yok Balum Cave, Belize: an investigation of seasonal ventilation regimes and the atmospheric and drip-flow response to a local earthquake. Journal of cave and karst studies, 77(3), 183-199. https://doi.org/10.4311/2014es0117

The nature of cave ventilation is of interest to cavers, speleologists, and paleoclimatologists working with stalagmites. Because cave ventilation systematics may change over the growth span of a stalagmite, understanding what factors affect them is... Read More about High resolution monitoring of Yok Balum Cave, Belize: an investigation of seasonal ventilation regimes and the atmospheric and drip-flow response to a local earthquake.

Was millennial scale climate change during the Last Glacial triggered by explosive volcanism? (2015)
Journal Article
Baldini, J., Brown, R., & McElwaine, J. (2015). Was millennial scale climate change during the Last Glacial triggered by explosive volcanism?. Scientific Reports, 5, Article 17442. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep17442

The mechanisms responsible for millennial scale climate change within glacial time intervals are equivocal. Here we show that all eight known radiometrically-dated Tambora-sized or larger NH eruptions over the interval 30 to 80 ka BP are associated w... Read More about Was millennial scale climate change during the Last Glacial triggered by explosive volcanism?.

Volcanic ash fall events identified using principal component analysis of a high-resolution speleothem trace element dataset (2015)
Journal Article
Jamieson, R., Baldini, J., Frappier, A., & Müller, W. (2015). Volcanic ash fall events identified using principal component analysis of a high-resolution speleothem trace element dataset. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 426, 36-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.06.014

Large multivariate trace element datasets produced by LA-ICP-MS speleothem analysis can pose difficulties for analysis and interpretation. Processes acting on various timescales and magnitudes affect trace element concentrations, and deconvolving the... Read More about Volcanic ash fall events identified using principal component analysis of a high-resolution speleothem trace element dataset.

Reconstructing high-resolution climate using CT scanning of unsectioned stalagmites: A case study identifying the mid-Holocene onset of the Mediterranean climate in southern Iberia. (2015)
Journal Article
Walczak, I., Baldini, J., Baldini, L., McDermott, F., Marsden, S., Standish, C., …Slater, J. (2015). Reconstructing high-resolution climate using CT scanning of unsectioned stalagmites: A case study identifying the mid-Holocene onset of the Mediterranean climate in southern Iberia. Quaternary Science Reviews, 127, 117-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.06.013

Seasonality of westerly moisture transport in the East Asian Summer Monsoon and its implications for interpreting precipitation δ18O (2015)
Journal Article
Baker, A., Sodemann, H., Baldini, J., Breitenbach, S., Johnson, K., van Hunen, J., & Pingzhong, Z. (2015). Seasonality of westerly moisture transport in the East Asian Summer Monsoon and its implications for interpreting precipitation δ18O. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120(12), 5850-5862. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jd022919

East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) rainfall impacts the world's most populous regions. Accurate EASM rainfall prediction necessitates robust paleoclimate reconstructions from proxy data and quantitative linkage to modern climatic conditions. Many preci... Read More about Seasonality of westerly moisture transport in the East Asian Summer Monsoon and its implications for interpreting precipitation δ18O.

Lead concentrations and isotope ratios in speleothems as proxies for atmospheric metal pollution since the industrial revolution. (2015)
Journal Article
Allan, M., Fagel, N., Van Rampelbergh, M., Baldini, J., Riotte, J., Cheng, H., …Verheyden, S. (2015). Lead concentrations and isotope ratios in speleothems as proxies for atmospheric metal pollution since the industrial revolution. Chemical Geology, 401, 140-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.02.035

Lead concentrations and isotope ratios from two speleothems from the Han-sur-Lesse cave in southern Belgium were measured in order to study the ability of speleothems to act as archives of atmospheric pollution. To address this aim we analyzed trace... Read More about Lead concentrations and isotope ratios in speleothems as proxies for atmospheric metal pollution since the industrial revolution..

Regional temperature, atmospheric circulation, and sea-ice variability within the Younger Dryas Event constrained using a speleothem from northern Iberia (2015)
Journal Article
Baldini, L., McDermott, F., Baldini, J., Arias, P., Cueto, M., Fairchild, I., …Richards, D. (2015). Regional temperature, atmospheric circulation, and sea-ice variability within the Younger Dryas Event constrained using a speleothem from northern Iberia. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 419, 101-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.03.015

Precisely-dated, high-resolution stable isotope and trace element data from a stalagmite from La Garma Cave, northern Spain, reveal several stages of distinct climatic variability along the northern Iberian Atlantic margin, and provide new constraint... Read More about Regional temperature, atmospheric circulation, and sea-ice variability within the Younger Dryas Event constrained using a speleothem from northern Iberia.

Aerosol forcing of the position of the intertropical convergence zone since AD1550 (2015)
Journal Article
Ridley, H., Asmerom, Y., Baldini, J., Breitenbach, S., Aquino, V., Prufer, K., …Haug, G. (2015). Aerosol forcing of the position of the intertropical convergence zone since AD1550. Nature Geoscience, 8(3), 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2353

The position of the intertropical convergence zone is an important control on the distribution of low-latitude precipitation. Its position is largely controlled by hemisphere temperature contrasts1, 2. The release of aerosols by human activities may... Read More about Aerosol forcing of the position of the intertropical convergence zone since AD1550.

Environmental controls on stable isotope ratios in New Zealand Podocarpaceae: implications for palaeoclimate reconstruction (2014)
Journal Article
Brett, M., Baldini, J., & Gröcke, D. (2014). Environmental controls on stable isotope ratios in New Zealand Podocarpaceae: implications for palaeoclimate reconstruction. Global and Planetary Change, 120, 38-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2014.05.010

Stable isotope ratios of various proxies are widely used for palaeoclimate reconstruction, and it is often assumed that isotope ratios reflect vegetation abundance or type. However, very little research exists on the isotopic equilibration of extant... Read More about Environmental controls on stable isotope ratios in New Zealand Podocarpaceae: implications for palaeoclimate reconstruction.

Reconstructing modern stalagmite growth from cave monitoring, local meteorology, and experimental measurements of dripwater films (2014)
Journal Article
Baker, A., Mattey, D., & Baldini, J. (2014). Reconstructing modern stalagmite growth from cave monitoring, local meteorology, and experimental measurements of dripwater films. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 392, 239-249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2014.02.036

Interpretations of high-resolution proxy datasets from stalagmites require support from long-term cave monitoring data and quantified changes in sample growth rate. One cave site for which the modern climate signal transfer systematics are relatively... Read More about Reconstructing modern stalagmite growth from cave monitoring, local meteorology, and experimental measurements of dripwater films.

Identifying short-term and seasonal trends in cave drip water trace element concentrations based on a daily-scale automatically collected drip water dataset (2012)
Journal Article
Baldini, J., McDermott, F., Baldini, L., Ottley, C., Linge, K., Clipson, N., & Jarvis, K. (2012). Identifying short-term and seasonal trends in cave drip water trace element concentrations based on a daily-scale automatically collected drip water dataset. Chemical Geology, 330-331, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.08.009

COnstructing Proxy-Record Age models (COPRA) (2012)
Journal Article
Breitenbach, S., Rehfeld, K., Goswami, B., Baldini, J., Ridley, H., Kennett, D., …Marwan, N. (2012). COnstructing Proxy-Record Age models (COPRA). Climate of the Past, 8(5), 1765-1779. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1765-2012

Reliable age models are fundamental for any palaeoclimate reconstruction. Available interpolation procedures between age control points are often inadequately reported, and very few translate age uncertainties to proxy uncertainties. Most available m... Read More about COnstructing Proxy-Record Age models (COPRA).

An investigation of the controls on Irish precipitation δ18O values on monthly and event timescales. (2010)
Journal Article
Baldini, L., McDermott, F., Baldini, J., Fischer, M., & Möllhoff, M. (2010). An investigation of the controls on Irish precipitation δ18O values on monthly and event timescales. Climate Dynamics, 35(6), 977-993. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-010-0774-6

This two-year study investigates the relative influence of meteorological variables (precipitation amount and temperature), atmospheric circulation, air mass history, and moisture source region on Irish precipitation oxygen isotopes (δ18Op) on event... Read More about An investigation of the controls on Irish precipitation δ18O values on monthly and event timescales..

The geochemistry of cave calcite deposits as a record of past climate. (2010)
Journal Article
Baldini, J. (2010). The geochemistry of cave calcite deposits as a record of past climate. The Sedimentary record, 8(2), 4-9. https://doi.org/10.2110/sedred.2010.2.4

Cave calcite deposits, and stalagmites specifically, are proving to be critical recorders of paleoclimate. Stalagmites develop from the slow accumulation of calcite deposited after the degassing of carbon dioxide from percolation water in caves. Stal... Read More about The geochemistry of cave calcite deposits as a record of past climate..

Response of the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone to Southern Hemisphere cooling during Upper Ordovician glaciation (2009)
Journal Article
Armstrong, H., Baldini, J., Challands, T., Gröcke, D., & Owen, A. (2009). Response of the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone to Southern Hemisphere cooling during Upper Ordovician glaciation. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 284(3-4), 227-236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.10.001

Stable isotope ratios of whole rock carbonates and faunas from three low latitude Upper Ordovician sections demonstrate a coherent pattern of shifting subtropical and tropical water masses and associated climate belts. We suggest that tropical water... Read More about Response of the Inter-tropical Convergence Zone to Southern Hemisphere cooling during Upper Ordovician glaciation.

A high-resolution spatial survey of cave air carbon dioxide concentrations in Scoska Cave (North Yorkshire, UK): implications for calcite deposition and re-dissolution (2009)
Journal Article
Whitaker, T., Jones, D., Baldini, J., & Baker, A. (2009). A high-resolution spatial survey of cave air carbon dioxide concentrations in Scoska Cave (North Yorkshire, UK): implications for calcite deposition and re-dissolution. Cave and karst science, 36(3), 85-92

Carbon dioxide concentration variability in caves has implications for palaeoclimatic research involving stalagmites, the conservation of cave art, condensation corrosion, and safety during cave exploration. Here we present a high-resolution spatial... Read More about A high-resolution spatial survey of cave air carbon dioxide concentrations in Scoska Cave (North Yorkshire, UK): implications for calcite deposition and re-dissolution.

Spatial variability in the European winter precipitation d18O-NAO relationship: Implications for reconstructing NAO-mode climate variability in the Holocene. (2008)
Journal Article
Baldini, L., McDermott, F., & Foley, A. (2008). Spatial variability in the European winter precipitation d18O-NAO relationship: Implications for reconstructing NAO-mode climate variability in the Holocene. Geophysical Research Letters, 35(4), Article L04709. https://doi.org/10.1029/2007gl032027

This paper investigates the links between precipitation δ18O and the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on decadal timescales to identify the optimum locations within Europe at which to compile δ18O-based proxy records of past NAO variability. δ18O is... Read More about Spatial variability in the European winter precipitation d18O-NAO relationship: Implications for reconstructing NAO-mode climate variability in the Holocene..

Spatial variability in cave drip water hydrochemistry: Implications for stalagmite paleoclimate records (2006)
Journal Article
Baldini, J., McDermott, F., & Fairchild, I. (2006). Spatial variability in cave drip water hydrochemistry: Implications for stalagmite paleoclimate records. Chemical Geology, 235(3-4), 390-404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2006.08.005

The identification of vadose zone hydrological pathways that most accurately transmit climate signals through karst aquifers to stalagmites is critical for accurately interpreting climate proxies contained within individual stalagmites. A three-year... Read More about Spatial variability in cave drip water hydrochemistry: Implications for stalagmite paleoclimate records.

Carbon dioxide sources, sinks, and spatial variability in shallow temperate zone caves: Evidence from Ballynamintra Cave, Ireland (2006)
Journal Article
Baldini, J., Baldini, L., McDermott, F., & Clipson, N. (2006). Carbon dioxide sources, sinks, and spatial variability in shallow temperate zone caves: Evidence from Ballynamintra Cave, Ireland. Journal of cave and karst studies, 68(1), 4-11

Carbon dioxide concentrations in Ballynamintra Cave, S. Ireland, generally increase with distance from the entrance, but this trend is non-linear because physical constrictions and slope changes compartmentalize the cave into zones with distinct PCO2... Read More about Carbon dioxide sources, sinks, and spatial variability in shallow temperate zone caves: Evidence from Ballynamintra Cave, Ireland.

Biomass effects on stalagmite growth and isotope ratios: A 20th century analogue from Wiltshire, England (2005)
Journal Article
Baldini, J., McDermott, F., Baker, A., Baldini, L., Mattey, D., & Railsback, L. (2005). Biomass effects on stalagmite growth and isotope ratios: A 20th century analogue from Wiltshire, England. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 240(2), 486-494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2005.09.022

Increases in calcite deposition rates combined with decreases in δ13C and δ18O in three modern stalagmites from Brown's Folly Mine, Wiltshire, England, are correlative with a well-documented re-vegetation above the mine. Increased soil PCO2 resulted... Read More about Biomass effects on stalagmite growth and isotope ratios: A 20th century analogue from Wiltshire, England.

Structure of the 8200-year cold event revealed by a speleothem trace element record (2002)
Journal Article
Baldini, J., McDermott, F., & Fairchild, I. (2002). Structure of the 8200-year cold event revealed by a speleothem trace element record. Science, 296(5576), 2203-2206. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1071776

Abrupt first-order shifts in strontium and phosphorus concentrations in stalagmite calcite deposited in western Ireland during the 8200-year event (the major cooling episode 8200 years before the present) are interpreted as responses to a drier clima... Read More about Structure of the 8200-year cold event revealed by a speleothem trace element record.