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The ultraluminous state (2009)
Journal Article
Gladstone, J., Roberts, T., & Done, C. (2009). The ultraluminous state. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 397(4), 1836-1851. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15123.x

We revisit the question of the nature of ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) through a detailed investigation of their spectral shape, using the highest quality X-ray data available in the XMM–Newton public archives (≳10 000 counts in their EPIC spect... Read More about The ultraluminous state.

A Systematic Study of Variability in a Sample of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources (2009)
Journal Article
Heil, L., Vaughan, S., & Roberts, T. (2009). A Systematic Study of Variability in a Sample of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 397(2), 1061-1072. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15068.x

We present results from a study of short-term variability in 19 archival observations by XMM–Newton of 16 ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). Eight observations (six sources) showed intrinsic variability with power spectra in the form of either a pow... Read More about A Systematic Study of Variability in a Sample of Ultraluminous X-ray Sources.

The ultraluminous X-ray source population of NGC 4485/4490 (2009)
Journal Article
Gladstone, J., & Roberts, T. (2009). The ultraluminous X-ray source population of NGC 4485/4490. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 397(1), 124-134. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14937.x

We report the results of spectral and temporal variability studies of the ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) contained within the interacting pair of galaxies NGC 4485/4490, combining Chandra and XMM–Newton observations. Each of the four separate obs... Read More about The ultraluminous X-ray source population of NGC 4485/4490.