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Beyond psychometrics: the difference between difficult problem solving and complex problem solving (2017)
Journal Article
Beckmann, J., Birney, D., & Goode, N. (2017). Beyond psychometrics: the difference between difficult problem solving and complex problem solving. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, Article 1739. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01739

In this paper we argue that a synthesis of findings across the various sub-areas of research in complex problem solving and consequently progress in theory building is hampered by an insufficient differentiation of complexity and difficulty. In the p... Read More about Beyond psychometrics: the difference between difficult problem solving and complex problem solving.

Missing the wood for the wrong trees: On the difficulty of defining the complexity of Complex Problem Solving scenarios (2017)
Journal Article
Beckmann, J., & Goode, N. (2017). Missing the wood for the wrong trees: On the difficulty of defining the complexity of Complex Problem Solving scenarios. Journal of Intelligence, 5(2), Article 15. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence5020015

In this paper we discuss how the lack of a common framework in Complex Problem Solving (CPS) creates a major hindrance to a productive integration of findings and insights gained in its 40+-year history of research. We propose a framework that anchor... Read More about Missing the wood for the wrong trees: On the difficulty of defining the complexity of Complex Problem Solving scenarios.

With a little help …: On the role of guidance in the acquisition and utilisation of knowledge in the control of complex, dynamic systems (2017)
Journal Article
Goode, N., & Beckmann, J. (2017). With a little help …: On the role of guidance in the acquisition and utilisation of knowledge in the control of complex, dynamic systems. Journal of dynamic decision making, 2, Article 5. https://doi.org/10.11588/jddm.2016.1.33346

Many situations require people to acquire knowledge about, and learn how to control, complex dynamic systems of inter-connected variables. Numerous studies have found that most problem solvers are unable to acquire complete knowledge of the underlyin... Read More about With a little help …: On the role of guidance in the acquisition and utilisation of knowledge in the control of complex, dynamic systems.

Beyond the Intellect: Complexity and learning trajectories in Raven’s Progressive Matrices depend on self-regulatory processes and conative dispositions (2017)
Journal Article
Birney, D., Beckmann, J., Beckmann, N., & Double, K. (2017). Beyond the Intellect: Complexity and learning trajectories in Raven’s Progressive Matrices depend on self-regulatory processes and conative dispositions. Intelligence, 61, 63-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intell.2017.01.005

The Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) test entails a 40-min contextualized interaction with a set of progressively difficult cognitive activities. Item-to-item experiences accumulate to total scores determined by, and reflective of, cognitive abilit... Read More about Beyond the Intellect: Complexity and learning trajectories in Raven’s Progressive Matrices depend on self-regulatory processes and conative dispositions.