A precipiton method to calculate river hydrodynamics, with applications to flood prediction, landscape evolution models, and braiding instabilities

Davy, Philippe; Croissant, Thomas; Lague, Dimitri

Abstract

The “precipiton” method is a particle‐based approach that consists of routing elementary water volumes on top of topography with erosive and depositional actions. Here we present an original way to calculate both river depth and velocity from a method that remains embedded in the precipiton framework. The method solves the governing equations for water depth, where the water depth is increased by a constant quantity at each precipiton passage and decreased by a value based on a flow resistance equation. The precipitons are then routed downstream on top of the resulting water surface. The method is applicable even if the precipitons are routed one by one (i.e., independent of each other), which makes it simple to implement and computationally fast. Compared to grid‐based methods, this particle method is not subject to the classic drying‐wetting issue, and allows for a straightforward implementation of sediment transfer functions between the river bed and running water. We have applied the method to different cases (channel flow, flow over topographic barriers, and flood prediction on high‐resolution lidar topography). In all cases, the method is capable of solving the shallow water equations, neglecting inertia. When coupled with erosion and sediment transport equations, the model is able to reproduce both straight and braided patterns with geometries independent of grid size. Application of the model in the context of multithread rivers gives new insight into the development of braiding instability.

Citation

Davy, P., Croissant, T., & Lague, D. (2017). A precipiton method to calculate river hydrodynamics, with applications to flood prediction, landscape evolution models, and braiding instabilities. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 122(8), 1491-1512. https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jf004156

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Jul 11, 2017
• Online Publication Date: Aug 2, 2017
• Publication Date: Aug 2, 2017
• Deposit Date: Mar 21, 2018
• Publicly Available Date: Jun 12, 2018
• Journal: Journal of geophysical research. Earth surface.
• Print ISSN: 2169-9011
• Electronic ISSN: 2169-9011
• Publisher: American Geophysical Union
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 122
• Issue: 8
• Pages: 1491-1512
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/2016jf004156