Long-term patterns of hillslope erosion by earthquake-induced landslides shape mountain landscapes

Wang, Jin; Howarth, Jamie D. ; McClymont, Erin L. ; Densmore, Alexander L. ; Fitzsimons, Sean J. ; Croissant, Thomas; Grocke, Darren R. ; West, Martin D. ; Harvey, Erin L. ; Frith, Nicole V. ; Garnett, M. H.; Hilton, Robert G.

Abstract

Widespread triggering of landslides by large storms or earthquakes is a dominant mechanism of erosion in mountain landscapes. If landslides occur repeatedly in particular locations within a mountain range, then they will dominate the landscape evolution of that section and could leave a fingerprint in the topography. Here, we track erosion provenance using a novel combination of the isotopic and molecular composition of organic matter deposited in Lake Paringa, New Zealand. We find that the erosion provenance has shifted markedly after four large earthquakes over 1000 years. Postseismic periods eroded organic matter from a median elevation of 722 +329/−293 m and supplied 43% of the sediment in the core, while interseismic periods sourced from lower elevations (459 +256/−226 m). These results are the first demonstration that repeated large earthquakes can consistently focus erosion at high elevations, while interseismic periods appear less effective at modifying the highest parts of the topography.

Citation

Wang, J., Howarth, J. D., McClymont, E. L., Densmore, A. L., Fitzsimons, S. J., Croissant, T., …Hilton, R. G. (2020). Long-term patterns of hillslope erosion by earthquake-induced landslides shape mountain landscapes. Science Advances, 6(23), Article eaaz6446. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz6446

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Mar 18, 2020
• Online Publication Date: Jun 5, 2020
• Publication Date: Jun 3, 2020
• Deposit Date: Mar 19, 2020
• Publicly Available Date: Jun 21, 2020
• Journal: Science Advances
• Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 6
• Issue: 23
• Article Number: eaaz6446
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz6446
• Public URL: https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1267781
• Publisher URL: https://advances.sciencemag.org/