Thermal vesiculation during volcanic eruptions (2015)
Journal Article
Lavallée, Y., Dingwell, D. B., Johnson, J. B., Cimarelli, C., Hornby, A. J., Kendrick, J. E., …Chigna, G. (2015). Thermal vesiculation during volcanic eruptions. Nature, 528(7583), 544-547. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature16153

Terrestrial volcanic eruptions are the consequence of magmas ascending to the surface of the Earth. This ascent is driven by buoyancy forces, which are enhanced by bubble nucleation and growth (vesiculation) that reduce the density of magma1. The dev... Read More about Thermal vesiculation during volcanic eruptions.

A novel apparatus for the simulation of eruptive gas-rock interactions (2015)
Journal Article
Ayris, P. M., Cimarelli, C., Delmelle, P., Wadsworth, F. B., Vasseur, J., Suzuki, Y. J., & Dingwell, D. B. (2015). A novel apparatus for the simulation of eruptive gas-rock interactions. Bulletin of Volcanology, 77(12), Article 104. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-015-0990-3

The chemical interactions between hot volcanic gases and co-erupted magmatic and lithic particles within eruption plumes and pyroclastic flows are increasingly investigated for their relevance to the impacts of ash emission on natural and human envir... Read More about A novel apparatus for the simulation of eruptive gas-rock interactions.

Surface tension driven processes densify and retain permeability in magma and lava (2015)
Journal Article
Kennedy, B. M., Wadsworth, F. B., Vasseur, J., Ian Schipper, C., Mark Jellinek, A., von Aulock, F. W., …Dingwell, D. B. (2016). Surface tension driven processes densify and retain permeability in magma and lava. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 433, 116-124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.10.031

We offer new insights into how an explosive eruption can transition into an effusive eruption. Magma containing >0.2 wt% dissolved water has the potential to vesiculate to a porosity in excess of 80 vol.% at atmospheric pressure. Thus all magmas cont... Read More about Surface tension driven processes densify and retain permeability in magma and lava.

Heterogeneity: The key to failure forecasting (2015)
Journal Article
Vasseur, J., Wadsworth, F. B., Lavallée, Y., Bell, A. F., Main, I. G., & Dingwell, D. B. (2015). Heterogeneity: The key to failure forecasting. Scientific Reports, 5(1), Article 13259. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep13259

Elastic waves are generated when brittle materials are subjected to increasing strain. Their number and energy increase non-linearly, ending in a system-sized catastrophic failure event. Accelerating rates of geophysical signals (e.g., seismicity and... Read More about Heterogeneity: The key to failure forecasting.

Timescales for permeability reduction and strength recovery in densifying magma (2015)
Journal Article
Heap, M. J., Farquharson, J. I., Wadsworth, F. B., Kolzenburg, S., & Russell, J. K. (2015). Timescales for permeability reduction and strength recovery in densifying magma. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 429, 223-233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.07.053

Transitions between effusive and explosive behaviour are routine for many active volcanoes. The permeability of the system, thought to help regulate eruption style, is likely therefore in a state of constant change. Viscous densification of conduit m... Read More about Timescales for permeability reduction and strength recovery in densifying magma.

Rootless cone eruption processes informed by dissected tephra deposits and conduits (2015)
Journal Article
Reynolds, P., Brown, R., Thordarson, T., Llewellin, E., & Fielding, K. (2015). Rootless cone eruption processes informed by dissected tephra deposits and conduits. Bulletin of Volcanology, 77(9), Article 72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-015-0958-3

Rootless cones result from the explosive interaction between lava flows and underlying water-saturated sediment or volcaniclastic deposits. Rootless explosions can represent a significant far-field hazard during basaltic eruptions, but there are few... Read More about Rootless cone eruption processes informed by dissected tephra deposits and conduits.

Exhumed conduit records magma ascent and drain-back during a Strombolian eruption at Tongariro volcano, New Zealand (2015)
Journal Article
Wadsworth, F. B., Kennedy, B. M., Branney, M. J., von Aulock, F. W., Lavallée, Y., & Menendez, A. (2015). Exhumed conduit records magma ascent and drain-back during a Strombolian eruption at Tongariro volcano, New Zealand. Bulletin of Volcanology, 77(9), Article 71. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-015-0962-7

Field evidence from a basaltic-andesite dyke preserved in the eroded wall of a scoria cone at Red Crater, Tongariro volcano, New Zealand, records a history of up-conduit magma flow during a Strombolian eruption, subsequent drain-back and final cessat... Read More about Exhumed conduit records magma ascent and drain-back during a Strombolian eruption at Tongariro volcano, New Zealand.

The feasibility of vitrifying a sandstone enclosure in the British Iron Age (2015)
Journal Article
Wadsworth, F. B., Damby, D. E., Hearne, R. L., Le Blond, J. S., Vasseur, J., Najorka, J., …Dingwell, D. B. (2015). The feasibility of vitrifying a sandstone enclosure in the British Iron Age. Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, 4, 605-612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2015.06.007

Iron Age structures with evidence for having been subjected to high temperatures have been identified throughout Europe. The thermal conditions that must have yielded such evidence of alteration remain enigmatic, especially for the case of high-silic... Read More about The feasibility of vitrifying a sandstone enclosure in the British Iron Age.

Spine growth and seismogenic faulting at Mt. Unzen, Japan (2015)
Journal Article
Hornby, A. J., Kendrick, J. E., Lamb, O. D., Hirose, T., De Angelis, S., von Aulock, F. W., …Lavallée, Y. (2015). Spine growth and seismogenic faulting at Mt. Unzen, Japan. Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, 120(6), 4034-4054. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011660

The concluding episode of activity during the recent eruption of Mt. Unzen (October 1994 to February 1995) was characterized by incremental spine extrusion, accompanied by seismicity. Analysis of the seismic record reveals the occurrence of two domin... Read More about Spine growth and seismogenic faulting at Mt. Unzen, Japan.

Viscous plugging can enhance and modulate explosivity of strombolian eruptions (2015)
Journal Article
Del Bello, E., Lane, S., James, M., Llewellin, E., Taddeucci, J., Scarlato, P., & Capponi, A. (2015). Viscous plugging can enhance and modulate explosivity of strombolian eruptions. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 423, 210-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2015.04.034

Strombolian activity is common in low-viscosity volcanism. It is characterised by quasi-periodic, short-lived explosions, which, whilst typically weak, may vary greatly in magnitude. The current paradigm for a strombolian volcanic eruption postulates... Read More about Viscous plugging can enhance and modulate explosivity of strombolian eruptions.

Cristobalite in the 2011–2012 Cordón Caulle eruption (Chile) (2015)
Journal Article
Schipper, C. I., Castro, J. M., Tuffen, H., Wadsworth, F. B., Chappell, D., Pantoja, A. E., …Le Ru, E. C. (2015). Cristobalite in the 2011–2012 Cordón Caulle eruption (Chile). Bulletin of Volcanology, 77(5), Article 34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-015-0925-z

Cristobalite is a low-pressure high-temperature polymorph of SiO2 found in many volcanic rocks. Its volcanogenic formation has received attention because (1) pure particulate cristobalite can be toxic when inhaled, and its dispersal in volcanic ash i... Read More about Cristobalite in the 2011–2012 Cordón Caulle eruption (Chile).

Permeability of compacting porous lavas (2015)
Journal Article
Ashwell, P. A., Kendrick, J. E., Lavallée, Y., Kennedy, B. M., Hess, K., von Aulock, F. W., …Dingwell, D. B. (2015). Permeability of compacting porous lavas. Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, 120(3), 1605-1622. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jb011519

The highly transient nature of outgassing commonly observed at volcanoes is in part controlled by the permeability of lava domes and shallow conduits. Lava domes generally consist of a porous outer carapace surrounding a denser lava core with interna... Read More about Permeability of compacting porous lavas.

Eruption and emplacement timescales of ignimbrite super-eruptions from thermo-kinetics of glass shards (2015)
Journal Article
Lavallee, Y., Wadsworth, F. B., Vasseur, J., Russell, J. K., Andrews, G. D., Hess, K., …Dingwell, D. B. (2015). Eruption and emplacement timescales of ignimbrite super-eruptions from thermo-kinetics of glass shards. Frontiers in Earth Science, 3, Article 2. https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2015.00002

Super-eruptions generating hundreds of cubic kilometers of pyroclastic density currents are commonly recorded by thick, welded and lava-like ignimbrites. Despite the huge environmental impact inferred for this type of eruption, little is yet known ab... Read More about Eruption and emplacement timescales of ignimbrite super-eruptions from thermo-kinetics of glass shards.

The rheology of three-phase suspensions at low bubble capillary number (2015)
Journal Article
Truby, J., Mueller, S., Llewellin, E., & Mader, H. (2015). The rheology of three-phase suspensions at low bubble capillary number. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 471(2173), Article 20140557. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2014.0557

We develop a model for the rheology of a three-phase suspension of bubbles and particles in a Newtonian liquid undergoing steady flow. We adopt an ‘effective-medium’ approach in which the bubbly liquid is treated as a continuous medium which suspends... Read More about The rheology of three-phase suspensions at low bubble capillary number.