A critical review of structural supercapacitors and outlook on future research challenges (2023)
Journal Article
Greenhalgh, E. S., Nguyen, S., Valkova, M., Shirshova, N., Shaffer, M. S., & Kucernak, A. (2023). A critical review of structural supercapacitors and outlook on future research challenges. Composites Science and Technology, 235, Article 109968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2023.109968

Structural composites and electrochemical energy storage underpin electrification of transportation, but advances in electric vehicles are shackled by parasitic battery mass. The emergence of structural power composites, multifunctional materials tha... Read More about A critical review of structural supercapacitors and outlook on future research challenges.

Biphasic epoxy-ionic liquid structural electrolytes: minimising feature size through cure cycle and multifunctional block-copolymer addition (2021)
Journal Article
Wendong, Q., Dent, J., Arrighi, V., Cavalcanti, L., Shaffer, M. S., & Shirshova, N. (2021). Biphasic epoxy-ionic liquid structural electrolytes: minimising feature size through cure cycle and multifunctional block-copolymer addition. Multifunctional materials, 4(3), Article 035003. https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-7532/ac1ea7

Structural electrolytes provide mechanical properties approaching structural resin combined with a high degree of ionic conductivity. Here, structural electrolytes based on bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and the ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium... Read More about Biphasic epoxy-ionic liquid structural electrolytes: minimising feature size through cure cycle and multifunctional block-copolymer addition.

The combustion behavior of epoxy‐based multifunctional electrolytes (2021)
Journal Article
Shirshova, N., Rogaume, T., Najmi, H., & Poisson, M. (2022). The combustion behavior of epoxy‐based multifunctional electrolytes. Fire and Materials, 46(1), 192-204. https://doi.org/10.1002/fam.2967

Multifunctional or structural electrolytes are characterized by ionic conductivity high enough to be used in the electrochemical devices and mechanical performance suitable for the structural applications. Preliminary insights are provided into the c... Read More about The combustion behavior of epoxy‐based multifunctional electrolytes.

Performance of Bicontinuous Structural Electrolytes (2020)
Journal Article
Tu, V., Asp, L. E., Shirshova, N., Larsson, F., Runesson, K., & Jänicke, R. (2020). Performance of Bicontinuous Structural Electrolytes. Multifunctional materials, 3(2), Article 025001. https://doi.org/10.1088/2399-7532/ab8d9b

Structural power composites are multifunctional materials with simultaneous load bearing and energy storing functionality. This is made possible due to carbon fibers' ability to act not only as structural reinforcement materials, but also as electrod... Read More about Performance of Bicontinuous Structural Electrolytes.

One step synthesis of MOF-polymer composites (2016)
Journal Article
Le Calvez, C., Zouboulaki, M., Petit, C., Peeva, L., & Shirshova, N. (2016). One step synthesis of MOF-polymer composites. RSC Advances, 6(21), 17314-17317. https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ra25238e

Two different approaches for the one step synthesis of metal organic framework – polymer composites are discussed. An emulsion templating approach allows simultaneous MOF crystallization and polymerization of the internal phase of the emulsion result... Read More about One step synthesis of MOF-polymer composites.

Composition as a Means to Control Morphology and Properties of Epoxy Based Dual-Phase Structural Electrolytes (2014)
Journal Article
Shirshova, N., Bismarck, A., Greenhalgh, E. S., Johansson, P., Kalinka, G., Marczewski, M. J., …Wienrich, M. (2014). Composition as a Means to Control Morphology and Properties of Epoxy Based Dual-Phase Structural Electrolytes. Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 118(49), 28377-28387. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp507952b

Structural electrolytes were prepared using a fully formulated commercially available high performance epoxy resin (MTM57) and an ionic liquid based electrolyte: lithium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) dissolved in 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazol... Read More about Composition as a Means to Control Morphology and Properties of Epoxy Based Dual-Phase Structural Electrolytes.

Mechanical, electrical and microstructural characterisation of multifunctional structural power composites (2014)
Journal Article
Greenhalgh, E., Ankersen, J., Asp, L., Bismarck, A., Fontana, Q., Houlle, M., …Wienrich, M. (2015). Mechanical, electrical and microstructural characterisation of multifunctional structural power composites. Journal of Composite Materials, 49(15), 1823-1834. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998314554125

Multifunctional composites which can fulfil more than one role within a system have attracted considerable interest. This work focusses on structural supercapacitors which simultaneously carry mechanical load whilst storing/delivering electrical ener... Read More about Mechanical, electrical and microstructural characterisation of multifunctional structural power composites.

Multifunctional structural energy storage composite supercapacitors (2014)
Journal Article
Shirshova, N., Qian, H., Houlle, M., Steinke, J., Kucernak, A., Fontana, Q., …Shaffer, M. (2014). Multifunctional structural energy storage composite supercapacitors. Faraday Discussions, 172, 81-103. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4fd00055b

This paper addresses the challenge of producing multifunctional composites that can simultaneously carry mechanical loads whilst storing (and delivering) electrical energy. The embodiment is a structural supercapacitor built around laminated structur... Read More about Multifunctional structural energy storage composite supercapacitors.

Non-aqueous high internal phase emulsion templates for synthesis of macroporous polymers in situ filled with cyclic carbonate electrolytes (2014)
Journal Article
Kot, E., Shirshova, N., Bismarck, A., & Steinke, J. (2014). Non-aqueous high internal phase emulsion templates for synthesis of macroporous polymers in situ filled with cyclic carbonate electrolytes. RSC Advances, 4(22), 11512-11519. https://doi.org/10.1039/c4ra00118d

In order to develop inks suitable for roll-to-roll printing processes, which can be cured into in situ electrolyte filled high porosity macroporous polymer membranes, non-aqueous high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) were prepared. The external phase... Read More about Non-aqueous high internal phase emulsion templates for synthesis of macroporous polymers in situ filled with cyclic carbonate electrolytes.

Structural supercapacitor electrolytes based on bicontinuous ionic liquid-epoxy resin systems (2013)
Journal Article
Shirshova, N., Bismarck, A., Carreyette, S., Fontana, Q., Greenhalgh, E., Jacobsson, P., …Wienrich, M. (2013). Structural supercapacitor electrolytes based on bicontinuous ionic liquid-epoxy resin systems. Journal of Materials Chemistry A: materials for energy and sustainability, 1(48), 15300-15309. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ta13163g

Polymerised high internal phase ionic liquid-in-oil emulsions as potential separators for lithium ion batteries (2013)
Journal Article
Shirshova, N., Johansson, P., Marczewski, M., Kot, E., Ensling, D., Bismarck, A., & Steinke, J. (2013). Polymerised high internal phase ionic liquid-in-oil emulsions as potential separators for lithium ion batteries. Journal of Materials Chemistry A: materials for energy and sustainability, 1(34), 9612-9619. https://doi.org/10.1039/c3ta10856b

In situ ionic liquid (IL) filled poly(merized) high internal phase emulsion monoliths and films were produced by polymerizing surfactant stabilized IL/monomer emulsion templates. The resulting in situ ionic liquid filled macroporous polymers have alm... Read More about Polymerised high internal phase ionic liquid-in-oil emulsions as potential separators for lithium ion batteries.

A new series of cross-linked (meth)acrylate polymer electrolytes for energy storage (2012)
Journal Article
Krebs, H., Yang, L., Shirshova, N., & Steinke, J. (2012). A new series of cross-linked (meth)acrylate polymer electrolytes for energy storage. Reactive and Functional Polymers, 72(12), 931-938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2012.08.011

In-situ preparation of polymer scaffolds in retarded cement slurries: An emulsion templating approach for rapid, on-demand strength development (2012)
Journal Article
Shirshova, N., & Bismarck, A. (2012). In-situ preparation of polymer scaffolds in retarded cement slurries: An emulsion templating approach for rapid, on-demand strength development. Cement and Concrete Composites, 34(3), 337-341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2011.11.007

Activation of structural carbon fibres for potential applications in multifunctional structural supercapacitors (2012)
Journal Article
Qian, H., Diao, H., Shirshova, N., Greenhalgh, E., Steinke, J., Shaffer, M., & Bismarck, A. (2013). Activation of structural carbon fibres for potential applications in multifunctional structural supercapacitors. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 395, 241-248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2012.12.015

The feasibility of modifying conventional structural carbon fibres via activation has been studied to create fibres, which can be used simultaneously as electrode and reinforcement in structural composite supercapacitors. Both physical and chemical a... Read More about Activation of structural carbon fibres for potential applications in multifunctional structural supercapacitors.

Structural composite supercapacitors (2012)
Journal Article
Shirshova, N., Qian, H., Shaffer, M., Steinke, J., Greenhalgh, E., Curtis, P., …Bismarck, A. (2013). Structural composite supercapacitors. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 46, 96-107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2012.10.007

This paper presents the development of multifunctional materials that perform a structural role whilst simultaneously storing electrical energy as a supercapacitor. Two structural carbon fibre woven electrodes were separated by a woven glass fibre la... Read More about Structural composite supercapacitors.

Ionic Liquids as Internal Phase for Non-Aqueous PolyHIPEs (2011)
Journal Article
Shirshova, N., Bismarck, A., & Steinke, J. (2011). Ionic Liquids as Internal Phase for Non-Aqueous PolyHIPEs. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 32(23), 1899-1904. https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201100472

Polymerised high internal phase emulsion cement hybrids: Macroporous polymer scaffolds for setting cements (2011)
Journal Article
Shirshova, N., Menner, A., Funkhouser, G., & Bismarck, A. (2011). Polymerised high internal phase emulsion cement hybrids: Macroporous polymer scaffolds for setting cements. Cement and Concrete Research, 41(4), 443-450. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2011.01.017

Preparation and application of double hydrophilic block copolymer particles (2005)
Journal Article
Tauer, K., Khrenov, V., Shirshova, N., & Nassif, N. (2005). Preparation and application of double hydrophilic block copolymer particles. Macromolecular Symposia, 226, 187-201. https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.200550818

Synthesis of stable aragonite superstructures by a biomimetic crystallization pathway (2005)
Journal Article
Nassif, N., Gehrke, N., Pinna, N., Shirshova, N., Tauer, K., Antonietti, M., & Colfen, H. (2005). Synthesis of stable aragonite superstructures by a biomimetic crystallization pathway. Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 44(37), 6004-6009. https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.200500081

Hyperbranched (Co)polymers via free radical polymerization of polymerizable Barton esters (2005)
Journal Article
Cormack, P., Shirshova, N., & Steinke, J. (2005). Hyperbranched (Co)polymers via free radical polymerization of polymerizable Barton esters. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 44(23), 8699-8706. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie048770x