Professor Sarah Woodroffe's Outputs (44)

The importance of diatoms for understanding subduction zone earthquakes in Alaska (2024)
Journal Article
Summers, G., Engelhart, S., & Woodroffe, S. (2024). The importance of diatoms for understanding subduction zone earthquakes in Alaska. PAGES Magazine, 32(1), 24-25. https://doi.org/10.22498/pages.32.1.24

Great subduction-zone earthquakes (moment magnitude [Mw] >8) pose a significant threat to human populations, the environment and infrastructure, yet the spatial and temporal patterns of these hazards before the 20th century are often poorly constrain... Read More about The importance of diatoms for understanding subduction zone earthquakes in Alaska.

Timescales of glacial isostatic adjustment in Greenland: is transient rheology required? (2024)
Journal Article
Pan, L., Mitrovica, J. X., Milne, G. A., Hoggard, M. J., & Woodroffe, S. A. (2024). Timescales of glacial isostatic adjustment in Greenland: is transient rheology required?. Geophysical Journal International, 237(2), 989-995. https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggae095

The possibility of a transient rheological response to ice age loading, first discussed in the literature of the 1980s, has received renewed attention. Transient behaviour across centennial to millennial timescales has been invoked to reconcile appar... Read More about Timescales of glacial isostatic adjustment in Greenland: is transient rheology required?.

GEORGIA: A Graph Neural Network Based EmulatOR for Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (2023)
Journal Article
Lin, Y., Whitehouse, P. L., Valentine, A. P., & Woodroffe, S. A. (2023). GEORGIA: A Graph Neural Network Based EmulatOR for Glacial Isostatic Adjustment. Geophysical Research Letters, 50(18), https://doi.org/10.1029/2023gl103672

Glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) modeling is not only useful for understanding past relative sea-level change but also for projecting future sea-level change due to ongoing land deformation. However, GIA model predictions are subject to a range of... Read More about GEORGIA: A Graph Neural Network Based EmulatOR for Glacial Isostatic Adjustment.

Missing sea level rise in southeastern Greenland during and since the Little Ice Age (2023)
Journal Article
Woodroffe, S. A., Wake, L. M., Kjeldsen, K. K., Barlow, N. L. M., Long, A. J., & Kjær, K. H. (2023). Missing sea level rise in southeastern Greenland during and since the Little Ice Age. Climate of the Past, 19(8), 1585-1606. https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1585-2023

The Greenland Ice Sheet has been losing mass at an accelerating rate over the past 2 decades. Understanding ice mass and glacier changes during the preceding several hundred years prior to geodetic measurements is more difficult because evidence of p... Read More about Missing sea level rise in southeastern Greenland during and since the Little Ice Age.

Stratigraphic evidence of relative sea level changes produced by megathrust earthquakes in the Jalisco subduction zone, Mexico. The signature of the 1995 Colima-Jalisco earthquake (Mw 8) as a modern analogue (2023)
Journal Article
Bustamante Fernandez, E., Woodroffe, S., Lloyd, J. M., & Shennan, I. (2023). Stratigraphic evidence of relative sea level changes produced by megathrust earthquakes in the Jalisco subduction zone, Mexico. The signature of the 1995 Colima-Jalisco earthquake (Mw 8) as a modern analogue. Marine Geology, 463, Article 107100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2023.107100

Geological evidence of megathrust earthquakes along the Mexican Pacific coast relies predominantly on tsunami deposits. Records of coseismic relative sea-level changes are scarce even though such evidence can complement and constrain tsunami records,... Read More about Stratigraphic evidence of relative sea level changes produced by megathrust earthquakes in the Jalisco subduction zone, Mexico. The signature of the 1995 Colima-Jalisco earthquake (Mw 8) as a modern analogue.

On the varied impact of the Storegga tsunami in northwest Scotland (2023)
Journal Article
Woodroffe, S. A., Hill, J., Bustamante‐Fernandez, E., Lloyd, J. M., Luff, J., Richards, S., & Shennan, I. (online). On the varied impact of the Storegga tsunami in northwest Scotland. Journal of Quaternary Science, 38(8), 1219-1232. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3539

In this paper we evaluate new data and those from previous studies in northwest Scotland and perform a modelling study to test the hypothesis that the Storegga tsunami (submarine slope failure off the continental shelf of Central Norway dated to 8120... Read More about On the varied impact of the Storegga tsunami in northwest Scotland.

Relative sea level response to mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sediment loading along the Great Barrier Reef margin (2023)
Journal Article
Lin, Y., Whitehouse, P. L., Hibbert, F. D., Woodroffe, S. A., Hinestrosa, G., & Webster, J. M. (2023). Relative sea level response to mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sediment loading along the Great Barrier Reef margin. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 607, Article 118066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2023.118066

The continental shelf along northeastern Australia is the world’s largest mixed carbonate-siliciclastic passive margin and the location of the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Following sea-level transgression during the last deglaciation, extensive sedimen... Read More about Relative sea level response to mixed carbonate-siliciclastic sediment loading along the Great Barrier Reef margin.

Younger Dryas and early Holocene climate in south Greenland inferred from oxygen isotopes of chironomids, aquatic Moss, and Moss cellulose (2022)
Journal Article
Puleo, P. J., Masterson, A. L., Medeiros, A. S., Schellinger, G., Steigleder, R., Woodroffe, S., Osburn, M. R., & Axford, Y. (2022). Younger Dryas and early Holocene climate in south Greenland inferred from oxygen isotopes of chironomids, aquatic Moss, and Moss cellulose. Quaternary Science Reviews, 296, Article 107810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107810

Ice core records have long indicated that the Younger Dryas began and ended with large, abrupt climate shifts over Greenland. Key climatic features remain unknown, including the magnitude of warming during the Younger Dryas-Holocene transition along... Read More about Younger Dryas and early Holocene climate in south Greenland inferred from oxygen isotopes of chironomids, aquatic Moss, and Moss cellulose.

A continental-scale chironomid training set for reconstructing Arctic temperatures (2022)
Journal Article
Medeiros, A. S., Chipman, M. L., Francis, D. R., Hamerlík, L., Langdon, P., Puleo, P. J., Schellinger, G., Steigleder, R., Walker, I. R., Woodroffe, S., & Axford, Y. (2022). A continental-scale chironomid training set for reconstructing Arctic temperatures. Quaternary Science Reviews, 294, Article 107728. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107728

We present chironomid species assemblage data from 402 lakes across northern North America, Greenland, Iceland, and Svalbard to inform interpretations of Holocene subfossil chironomid assemblages used in paleolimnological reconstruction. This calibra... Read More about A continental-scale chironomid training set for reconstructing Arctic temperatures.

Glacier response to the Little Ice Age during the Neoglacial cooling in Greenland (2022)
Journal Article
Kjær, K. H., Bjørk, A. A., Kjeldsen, K. K., Hansen, E. S., Andresen, C. S., Siggaard-Andersen, M.-L., Khan, S. A., Søndergaard, A. S., Colgan, W., Schomacker, A., Woodroffe, S., Funder, S., Rouillard, A., Jensen, J. F., & Larsen, N. K. (2022). Glacier response to the Little Ice Age during the Neoglacial cooling in Greenland. Earth-Science Reviews, 227, Article 103984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2022.103984

In the Northern Hemisphere, an insolation driven Early to Middle Holocene Thermal Maximum was followed by a Neoglacial cooling that culminated during the Little Ice Age (LIA). Here, we review the glacier response to this Neoglacial cooling in Greenla... Read More about Glacier response to the Little Ice Age during the Neoglacial cooling in Greenland.

Reliability of mangrove radiocarbon chronologies: A case study from Mahé, Seychelles (2022)
Journal Article
Sefton, J., Woodroffe, S., Ascough, P., & Khan, N. (2022). Reliability of mangrove radiocarbon chronologies: A case study from Mahé, Seychelles. Holocene, 32(6), 529-542. https://doi.org/10.1177/09596836221080756

Mangrove sediments are valuable archives of paleoenvironmental and relative sea-level changes. The most widely applied method to obtaining chronologies of past changes in mangrove sediments is radiocarbon dating, because mangroves produce large amoun... Read More about Reliability of mangrove radiocarbon chronologies: A case study from Mahé, Seychelles.

Paleotsunamis on the Southern Hikurangi Subduction Zone, New Zealand, Show Regular Recurrence of Large Subduction Earthquakes (2021)
Journal Article
Pizer, C., Clark, K., Howarth, J., Garrett, E., Wang, X., Rhoades, D., & Woodroffe, S. (2021). Paleotsunamis on the Southern Hikurangi Subduction Zone, New Zealand, Show Regular Recurrence of Large Subduction Earthquakes. The Seismic Record, 1(2), 75-84. https://doi.org/10.1785/0320210012

Geological records of subduction earthquakes, essential for seismic and tsunami hazard assessment, are difficult to obtain at transitional plate boundaries, because upper‐plate fault earthquake deformation can mask the subduction zone signal. Here, w... Read More about Paleotsunamis on the Southern Hikurangi Subduction Zone, New Zealand, Show Regular Recurrence of Large Subduction Earthquakes.

A reconciled solution of Meltwater Pulse 1A sources using sea-level fingerprinting (2021)
Journal Article
Lin, Y., Hibbert, F., Whitehouse, P., Woodroffe, S., Purcell, A., Shennan, I., & Bradley, S. (2021). A reconciled solution of Meltwater Pulse 1A sources using sea-level fingerprinting. Nature Communications, 12, Article 2015. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21990-y

The most rapid global sea-level rise event of the last deglaciation, Meltwater Pulse 1A (MWP-1A), occurred ∼14,650 years ago. Considerable uncertainty regarding the sources of meltwater limits understanding of the relationship between MWP-1A and the... Read More about A reconciled solution of Meltwater Pulse 1A sources using sea-level fingerprinting.

Assessing the use of mangrove pollen as a quantitative sea‐level indicator on Mahé, Seychelles (2021)
Journal Article
Sefton, J., & Woodroffe, S. (2021). Assessing the use of mangrove pollen as a quantitative sea‐level indicator on Mahé, Seychelles. Journal of Quaternary Science, 36(2), 311-323. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3272

We investigated the potential of mangrove pollen from Mahé, Seychelles, to improve existing metre‐scale Late Holocene sediment‐based sea‐level reconstructions. Mangrove species at two mangrove sites are broadly zoned according to elevation within the... Read More about Assessing the use of mangrove pollen as a quantitative sea‐level indicator on Mahé, Seychelles.

Arctic chironomids of the northwest North Atlantic reflect environmental and biogeographic gradients (2020)
Journal Article
Medeiros, A. S., Milošević, Đ., Francis, D. R., Maddison, E., Woodroffe, S., Long, A., Walker, I. R., Hamerlík, L., Quinlan, R., Langdon, P., Brodersen, K. P., & Axford, Y. (2021). Arctic chironomids of the northwest North Atlantic reflect environmental and biogeographic gradients. Journal of Biogeography, 48(3), 511-525. https://doi.org/10.1111/jbi.14015

Aim: While we understand broad climate drivers of insect distributions throughout the Arctic, less is known about the role of spatial processes in determining these relationships. As such, there is a need to understand how spatial controls may influe... Read More about Arctic chironomids of the northwest North Atlantic reflect environmental and biogeographic gradients.

Holocene glacier and ice cap fluctuations in southwest Greenland inferred from two lake records (2020)
Journal Article
Larocca, L. J., Axford, Y., Woodroffe, S. A., Lasher, G. E., & Gawin, B. (2020). Holocene glacier and ice cap fluctuations in southwest Greenland inferred from two lake records. Quaternary Science Reviews, 246, Article 106529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106529

Glaciers and ice caps (GICs) respond rapidly to changes in temperature and precipitation. Thus, records of their past fluctuations yield valuable information on past climate. However, relatively little is known about the long-term, Holocene history o... Read More about Holocene glacier and ice cap fluctuations in southwest Greenland inferred from two lake records.

Early Holocene Greenland-ice mass loss likely triggered earthquakes and tsunami (2020)
Journal Article
Steffen, R., Steffen, H., Weiss, R., Lecavalier, B. S., Milne, G. A., Woodroffe, S. A., & Bennike, O. (2020). Early Holocene Greenland-ice mass loss likely triggered earthquakes and tsunami. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 546, Article 116443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2020.116443

Due to their large mass, ice sheets induce significant stresses in the Earth's crust. Stress release during deglaciation can trigger large-magnitude earthquakes, as indicated by surface faults in northern Europe. Although glacially-induced stresses h... Read More about Early Holocene Greenland-ice mass loss likely triggered earthquakes and tsunami.

Glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland (2019)
Journal Article
Søndergaard, A., Larsen, N., Olsen, J., Strunk, A., & Woodroffe, S. (2019). Glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland. Journal of Quaternary Science, 34(7), 536-547. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3139

In this study, we present new information on the glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland. We use geomorphological mapping, 10Be exposure dating of boulders, analysis of lake cores, and 14C... Read More about Glacial history of the Greenland Ice Sheet and a local ice cap in Qaanaaq, northwest Greenland.

Reef shallowing is a critical control on benthic foraminiferal assemblage composition on nearshore turbid coral reefs (2019)
Journal Article
Johnson, J., Perry, C., Smithers, S., Morgan, K., & Woodroffe, S. (2019). Reef shallowing is a critical control on benthic foraminiferal assemblage composition on nearshore turbid coral reefs. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 533, Article 109240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2019.109240

Declining water quality represents a major threat to the coral reefs of Australia's Great Barrier Reef (GBR). Due to their close proximity to river point sources, reefs situated on the inner-shelf of the GBR are widely perceived to be most susceptibl... Read More about Reef shallowing is a critical control on benthic foraminiferal assemblage composition on nearshore turbid coral reefs.

Lack of evidence for a substantial sea-level fluctuation within the Last Interglacial (2018)
Journal Article
Barlow, N., McClymont, E., Whitehouse, P., Stokes, C., Jamieson, S., Woodroffe, S., …Sanchez-Montes, M. (2018). Lack of evidence for a substantial sea-level fluctuation within the Last Interglacial. Nature Geoscience, 11, 627-634. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-018-0195-4

During the Last Interglacial, global mean sea level reached approximately 6 to 9 m above the present level. This period of high sea level may have been punctuated by a fall of more than 4 m, but a cause for such a widespread sea-level fall has been e... Read More about Lack of evidence for a substantial sea-level fluctuation within the Last Interglacial.