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Flow induced vibration (FIV) of a pentagonal cylinder with high mass-damping ratio (2025)
Journal Article
Masoudi, E., Gan, L., Sims-Williams, D., & Marshall, A. (2025). Flow induced vibration (FIV) of a pentagonal cylinder with high mass-damping ratio. Journal of Fluids and Structures, 133, Article 104267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104267

In this study, fluid structure interactions of a fixed and oscillating pentagonal cylinder are studied using experimental approaches. Specifically, flow induced vibration (FIV) of a pentagonal cylinder is studied with six different incidence angles (... Read More about Flow induced vibration (FIV) of a pentagonal cylinder with high mass-damping ratio.

A cavalpulmonary assist device utilising impedance pumping enhanced by peristaltic effect (2024)
Journal Article
Burns-Cox, A., Gan, L., & Khir, A. (2024). A cavalpulmonary assist device utilising impedance pumping enhanced by peristaltic effect. The International Journal of Artificial Organs, 47(10), 765-773. https://doi.org/10.1177/03913988241268419

Background: Fontan procedure, the standard surgical palliation to treat children with single ventricular defects, causes systemic complications over years due to lack of pumping at cavopulmonary junction. A device developed specifically for cavopulmo... Read More about A cavalpulmonary assist device utilising impedance pumping enhanced by peristaltic effect.

Characterisation and Integration of Piezoelectric Trimorph Actuators for Blade Active Surface Control on a Scaled Wind Turbine (2024)
Journal Article
Fuentes Holden, J. P., Gan, L., Sims-Williams, D., Gilbert, J., Osborne, P., & Bastankhah, M. (2024). Characterisation and Integration of Piezoelectric Trimorph Actuators for Blade Active Surface Control on a Scaled Wind Turbine. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2767(9), Article 092094. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2767/9/092094

The paper investigates the integration of piezoelectric bending actuators on trailing edge flaps (TEF). The characterisation of piezoelectric actuators is of great importance due to differences in performance resulting from sample variability, actuat... Read More about Characterisation and Integration of Piezoelectric Trimorph Actuators for Blade Active Surface Control on a Scaled Wind Turbine.

On the asymmetric vortex evolution in the near wake behind polygonal cylinders in an incident flow (2024)
Journal Article
Cheng, H., Masoudi, E., Liu, Y., & Gan, L. (2024). On the asymmetric vortex evolution in the near wake behind polygonal cylinders in an incident flow. Ocean Engineering, 307, Article 118142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2024.118142

Asymmetric evolution of coherent vortices behind polygonal cylinders in an incident flow is studied using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) based phase averaging analysis. Flow around polygonal cylinders of side number... Read More about On the asymmetric vortex evolution in the near wake behind polygonal cylinders in an incident flow.

A Polynomial Model with Line-of-Sight Constraints for Lagrangian Particle Tracking Under Interface Refraction (2024)
Journal Article
Zeng, X., Qu, H., He, C., Liu, Y., & Gan, L. (2024). A Polynomial Model with Line-of-Sight Constraints for Lagrangian Particle Tracking Under Interface Refraction. Measurement Science and Technology, 35(6), Article 066011. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/ad34ec

This paper introduces an improvement of the "Shake-The-Box (STB)" (Schanz, Gesemann, and Schröder, Exp. Fluids 57.5, 2016) technique using the polynomial calibration model and the line-of-sight constraints (LOSC) to overcome the refractive interface... Read More about A Polynomial Model with Line-of-Sight Constraints for Lagrangian Particle Tracking Under Interface Refraction.

Formation and evolution of vortex rings with weak to moderate swirl (2023)
Journal Article
Ortega Chavez, R., Gan, L., & Gaskell, P. (2023). Formation and evolution of vortex rings with weak to moderate swirl. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 967, Article A16

The formation of swirling vortex rings and their early time evolution, resulting from the controlled discharge of an incompressible, Newtonian fluid into a stationary equivalent fluid bulk, is explored for weak to moderate swirl number S∈[0,1]. Two... Read More about Formation and evolution of vortex rings with weak to moderate swirl.

Flow separation from polygonal cylinders in an incident flow (2023)
Journal Article
Masoudi, E., Sims-Williams, D., & Gan, L. (2023). Flow separation from polygonal cylinders in an incident flow. Physical Review Fluids, 8(1), Article 014701. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevfluids.8.014701

In this paper, we carry out large eddy simulation of incident flow around polygonal cylinders of side number N = 5 − 8 at Reynolds number Re = 10 4 . In total, six incidence angles ( α ) are studied on each polygon between the face and the corner ori... Read More about Flow separation from polygonal cylinders in an incident flow.

Representative On-Road Aerodynamic Yaw Angle Distribution in China for Vehicle Development (2022)
Journal Article
Xiao, L., Wang, Q., Zhu, X., Bu, H., Huang, T., Yuan, X., …Sims-Williams, D. B. (2022). Representative On-Road Aerodynamic Yaw Angle Distribution in China for Vehicle Development. SAE International Journal of Passenger Vehicle Systems, 16(2), https://doi.org/10.4271/15-16-02-0008

Aerodynamic drag for road vehicles is most often assessed based on zero yaw conditions. The rise of electric vehicles in recent years put greater demand on how the vehicles perform in real-world conditions. Specifically, the aerodynamic drag performa... Read More about Representative On-Road Aerodynamic Yaw Angle Distribution in China for Vehicle Development.

Flow Enhancement of Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements Using Sequential Data Assimilation (2022)
Journal Article
He, C., Wang, P., Liu, Y., & Gan, L. (2022). Flow Enhancement of Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements Using Sequential Data Assimilation. Physics of Fluids, 34(3), Article 035101. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0082460

Sequential data assimilation (DA) was performed on three-dimensional flow fields of a circular jet measured by tomography particle image velocimetry (tomo-PIV). The work focused on the in-depth analysis of the flow enhancement and the pressure determ... Read More about Flow Enhancement of Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements Using Sequential Data Assimilation.

A review of experiments on stationary bluff-body wakes (2022)
Journal Article
Forouzi, B., He, S., Scarano, F., Gan, L., & Morton, C. (2022). A review of experiments on stationary bluff-body wakes. Physics of Fluids, 34(1), Article 011301. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0077323

Experimental studies dealing with the wake of isolated stationary bluff-bodies are reviewed. After briefly recalling the pioneering works in this domain, the paper focuses on recent research conducted with the latest experimental methods and techniqu... Read More about A review of experiments on stationary bluff-body wakes.

Large Eddy Simulation of incident flows around polygonal cylinders (2021)
Journal Article
Masoudi, E., Gan, L., & Sims-Williams, D. (2021). Large Eddy Simulation of incident flows around polygonal cylinders. Physics of Fluids, 33(10), Article 105112. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0063046

In this study, we carry out large eddy simulation (LES) of incident flow around polygonal cylinders of side number N = 5 − 8 at Reynolds number Re= 104 . In total, six incidence angles (α) are studied on each cylinder ranging from face to corner orie... Read More about Large Eddy Simulation of incident flows around polygonal cylinders.

Numerical investigation of shallow wake behind a patch of rigid emergent vegetation (2021)
Journal Article
Wang, J., Zhang, J.-X., Liang, D.-F., & Gan, L. (2021). Numerical investigation of shallow wake behind a patch of rigid emergent vegetation. Journal of Hydrodynamics, 33(4), 673-687. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42241-021-0071-3

The shallow water flow through and around a patch of rigid emergent vegetation was investigated numerically. The mean flow field and turbulent structures were studied, especially their dependence on the solid volume fraction (SVF) of the patch and th... Read More about Numerical investigation of shallow wake behind a patch of rigid emergent vegetation.

Diffraction waves on general two-legged rectangular floating breakwaters (2021)
Journal Article
Masoudi, E., & Gan, L. (2021). Diffraction waves on general two-legged rectangular floating breakwaters. Ocean Engineering, 235, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2021.109420

In this paper, hydrodynamic characteristics of general two-dimensional rectangular floating breakwaters (FBs) with two legs in water of finite depth and infinite domain subjected to sinusoidal waves are studied using a numerical panel method. A param... Read More about Diffraction waves on general two-legged rectangular floating breakwaters.

Dynamics of the Jet Flow Issued from a Lobed Nozzle: Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements (2021)
Journal Article
He, C., Liu, Y., & Gan, L. (2021). Dynamics of the Jet Flow Issued from a Lobed Nozzle: Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements. International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, 89, Article 108795. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatfluidflow.2021.108795

This study focuses on the dynamics of the three-dimensional jet flow issued from a lobed nozzle. Flow field measurements were performed using a split-screen dual-camera tomographic particle image velocimetry (tomo-PIV) system. The lobed nozzle was co... Read More about Dynamics of the Jet Flow Issued from a Lobed Nozzle: Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry Measurements.

A 4D-flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance study of flow asymmetry and haemodynamic quantity correlations in the pulmonary artery (2021)
Journal Article
Gbinigie, H., Coats, L., Parikh, J., Hollingsworth, K., & Gan, L. (2021). A 4D-flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance study of flow asymmetry and haemodynamic quantity correlations in the pulmonary artery. Physiological Measurement, 42(2), Article 025005. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6579/abdf3b

Objective: In this paper we elucidate the asymmetric flow pattern and the haemodynamic quantity distributions and correlations in the pulmonary artery (PA) vasculature in healthy adults having structurally normal hearts, to provide reference on the f... Read More about A 4D-flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance study of flow asymmetry and haemodynamic quantity correlations in the pulmonary artery.

Diffraction waves on large aspect ratio rectangular submerged breakwaters (2020)
Journal Article
Masoudi, E., & Gan, L. (2020). Diffraction waves on large aspect ratio rectangular submerged breakwaters. Ocean Engineering, 209, Article 107474. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107474

In this paper, hydrodynamic characteristics of two-dimensional submerged breakwaters in water of finite depth and infinite domain interacting with sinusoidal waves are studied from both analytical and numerical approaches. Added mass and damping coef... Read More about Diffraction waves on large aspect ratio rectangular submerged breakwaters.

Dynamics of Compact Vortex Rings Generated by Axial Swirlers at Early Stage (2020)
Journal Article
He, C., Gan, L., & Liu, Y. (2020). Dynamics of Compact Vortex Rings Generated by Axial Swirlers at Early Stage. Physics of Fluids, 32(4), Article 045104. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0004156

This work concentrates on the study of flow dynamics of swirl vortex rings at the Reynolds number Re = 20 000 using a combination of the planar- and stereo-particle image velocimetry (PIV) measurements and dynamic delayed detached-eddy simulation. Pa... Read More about Dynamics of Compact Vortex Rings Generated by Axial Swirlers at Early Stage.

A Particle Image Velocimetry study of dual-rotor counter-rotating wind turbine near wake (2020)
Journal Article
Hollands, E., He, C., & Gan, L. (2020). A Particle Image Velocimetry study of dual-rotor counter-rotating wind turbine near wake. Journal of Visualization, 23(3), 425-435. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12650-020-00643-0

This experimental work studied the flow characteristics in the near wake region behind dual-rotor wind turbines using two-dimensional particle image velocimetry. Two auxiliary rotors of 50% and 80% scale of the main rotor were installed upwind and op... Read More about A Particle Image Velocimetry study of dual-rotor counter-rotating wind turbine near wake.