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Primordial black hole archaeology with gravitational waves from cosmic strings

Ghoshal, Anish; Gouttenoire, Yann; Heurtier, Lucien; Simakachorn, Peera

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Authors

Anish Ghoshal

Yann Gouttenoire

Peera Simakachorn



Abstract

Light primordial black holes (PBHs) with masses smaller than 109 g (10−24M⊙) evaporate before the onset of Big-Bang nucleosynthesis, rendering their detection rather challenging. If efficiently produced, they may have dominated the universe energy density. We study how such an early matter-dominated era can be probed successfully using gravitational waves (GW) emitted by local and global cosmic strings. While previous studies showed that a matter era generates a single-step suppression of the GW spectrum, we instead find a double-step suppression for local-string GW whose spectral shape provides information on the duration of the matter era. The presence of the two steps in the GW spectrum originates from GW being produced through two events separated in time: loop formation and loop decay, taking place either before or after the matter era. The second step — called the knee — is a novel feature which is universal to any early matter-dominated era and is not only specific to PBHs. Detecting GWs from cosmic strings with LISA, ET, or BBO would set constraints on PBHs with masses between 106 and 109 g for local strings with tension Gμ = 10−11, and PBHs masses between 104 and 109 g for global strings with symmetry-breaking scale η = 1015 GeV. Effects from the spin of PBHs are discussed.

Citation

Ghoshal, A., Gouttenoire, Y., Heurtier, L., & Simakachorn, P. (2023). Primordial black hole archaeology with gravitational waves from cosmic strings. Journal of High Energy Physics, 2023(8), Article 196. https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep08%282023%29196

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Aug 18, 2023
Online Publication Date Aug 29, 2023
Publication Date Aug 29, 2023
Deposit Date Jan 8, 2024
Publicly Available Date Jan 8, 2024
Journal Journal of High Energy Physics
Print ISSN 1126-6708
Electronic ISSN 1029-8479
Publisher Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 2023
Issue 8
Article Number 196
DOI https://doi.org/10.1007/jhep08%282023%29196
Keywords Cosmology of Theories BSM, Specific BSM Phenomenology, Phase Transitions in the Early Universe, Early Universe Particle Physics
Public URL https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1881329

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