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Towards bio-based tapered block copolymers: the behaviour of myrcene in the statistical anionic copolymerisation

Grune, Eduard; Bareuther, Jennifer; Blankenburg, Jan; Appold, Michael; Shaw, Lloyd; Mueller, Axel H.E.; Floudas, George; Hutchings, Lian R.; Gallei, Markus; Frey, Holger

Towards bio-based tapered block copolymers: the behaviour of myrcene in the statistical anionic copolymerisation Thumbnail


Authors

Eduard Grune

Jennifer Bareuther

Jan Blankenburg

Michael Appold

Lloyd Shaw

Axel H.E. Mueller

George Floudas

Markus Gallei

Holger Frey



Abstract

To explore the potential of myrcene (Myr) as a bio-based monoterpene comonomer for styrenic copolymers and to establish its general applicability for the carbanionic copolymerisation, several statistical copolymerisations of myrcene and common monomers like isoprene (I), styrene (S) and 4 methylstyrene (4MS) were carried out in cyclohexane and monitored by in situ 1H NMR spectroscopy. Real-time NMR kinetic studies permitted the determination of the reactivity ratios and the composition profile for each monomer combination. While the copolymerisation of Myr/I yielded a gradient copolymer and reactivity ratios of moderate disparity (rMyr = 4.4; rI = 0.23), the statistical copolymerisation of Myr/S and Myr/4MS afforded block-like, tapered copolymers due to highly diverging reactivity ratios (rMyr = 36; rS = 0.028 and rMyr = 140; r4MS = 0.0074). Furthermore, a terpolymerisation of Myr/I/4MS was studied by real-time NMR kinetics, revealing an alteration of the composition profile of 4MS towards a more block-like structure. Based on the kinetic studies, a series of Myr/I/4MS terpolymers and Myr/S copolymers was prepared by statistical living anionic copolymerisation. All copolymers showed narrow molecular weight distributions (SEC) and two glass transition temperatures (Tg,1 = -51 to¬ 62 °C; Tg,2 = 93 ¬to 107 °C), suggesting phase segregation. TEM and SAXS measurements revealed highly ordered lamellar morphologies for all copolymers with long range correlation and confirmed the block-like structure and behaviour of Myr/S and Myr/4MS copolymers prepared by statistical carbanionic copolymerisation.

Citation

Grune, E., Bareuther, J., Blankenburg, J., Appold, M., Shaw, L., Mueller, A. H., Floudas, G., Hutchings, L. R., Gallei, M., & Frey, H. (2019). Towards bio-based tapered block copolymers: the behaviour of myrcene in the statistical anionic copolymerisation. Polymer Chemistry, 2019(10), 1213-1220. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8py01711e

Journal Article Type Article
Acceptance Date Jan 22, 2019
Online Publication Date Jan 23, 2019
Publication Date 2019
Deposit Date Jan 28, 2019
Publicly Available Date Jan 22, 2020
Journal Polymer Chemistry
Print ISSN 1759-9954
Electronic ISSN 1759-9962
Publisher Royal Society of Chemistry
Peer Reviewed Peer Reviewed
Volume 2019
Issue 10
Pages 1213-1220
DOI https://doi.org/10.1039/c8py01711e
Public URL https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1338941

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