Teegan Docherty
Burning savanna for avian species richness and functional diversity
Docherty, Teegan; Hethcoat, Matthew; MacTavish, Lynne; MacTavish, Dougal; Dell, Stephen; Stephens, Philip; Willis, Stephen
Authors
Matthew Hethcoat
Lynne MacTavish
Dougal MacTavish
Stephen Dell
Professor Philip Stephens philip.stephens@durham.ac.uk
Professor
Stephen Willis
Abstract
Prescribed fire is used throughout fire‐prone landscapes to conserve biodiversity. Current best practice in managing savanna systems advocates methods based on the assumption that increased fire‐mediated landscape heterogeneity (pyrodiversity) will promote biodiversity. However, considerable knowledge gaps remain in our understanding of how savanna wildlife responds to the composition and configuration of pyrodiverse landscapes. The effects of pyrodiversity on functional diversity has rarely been quantified and assessing this relationship at a landscape scale which is commensurate with fire management is important for understanding mechanisms underlying ecosystem resilience. Here, we assess the impact of spatiotemporal variation in a long‐term fire regime on avian diversity in North West Province, South Africa. We examined the relationship between (a) species richness, (b) three indices of functional diversity (i.e., functional richness, functional evenness and functional dispersion) and four measures of pyrodiversity, the spatial extents of fire age‐classes, and habitat type at the landscape‐scale. We then used null models to assess differences between observed and expected functional diversity. We found that the proportion of newly‐burned (<1‐year post‐fire), old, unburned (≥10 years post‐fire), and woodland habitat on the landscape predicted species and functional richness. Species richness also increased with the degree of edge contrast between patches of varying fire age, while functional dispersion increased with the degree of patch shape complexity. Lower than expected levels of functional richness suggest that habitat filtering is occurring, resulting in functional redundancy across our study sites. We demonstrate that evaluating functional diversity and redundancy is an important component of conservation planning as they may contribute to previously reported fire resilience. Our findings suggest that it is the type and configuration, rather than the diversity, of fire patches on the landscape that promote avian diversity and conserve ecological functions. A management approach is needed that includes significant coverage of adjacent newly‐burned and older, unburned savanna habitat; the latter, in particular, is inadequately represented under current burning practices.
Citation
Docherty, T., Hethcoat, M., MacTavish, L., MacTavish, D., Dell, S., Stephens, P., & Willis, S. (2020). Burning savanna for avian species richness and functional diversity. Ecological Applications, 30(4), Article e02091. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2091
Journal Article Type | Article |
---|---|
Acceptance Date | Dec 20, 2019 |
Online Publication Date | Mar 26, 2020 |
Publication Date | Jun 30, 2020 |
Deposit Date | Jan 10, 2020 |
Publicly Available Date | Mar 26, 2021 |
Journal | Ecological applications |
Print ISSN | 1051-0761 |
Publisher | Ecological Society of America |
Peer Reviewed | Peer Reviewed |
Volume | 30 |
Issue | 4 |
Article Number | e02091 |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2091 |
Public URL | https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1274259 |
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Copyright Statement
This is the accepted version of the following article: Docherty, Teegan, Hethcoat, Matthew, MacTavish, Lynne, MacTavish, Dougal, Dell, Stephen, Stephens, Philip & Willis, Stephen (2020). Burning savanna for avian species richness and functional diversity. Ecological Applications 30(4): e02091 which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.2091. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for self-archiving.
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