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The Phoenix Project: the dark side of rich Galaxy clusters (2012)
Journal Article
Gao, L., Navarro, J., Frenk, C., Jenkins, A., Springel, V., & White, S. (2012). The Phoenix Project: the dark side of rich Galaxy clusters. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 425(3), 2169-2186. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21564.x

We introduce the Phoenix Project, a set of Λ cold dark matter (CDM) simulations of the dark matter component of nine rich galaxy clusters. Each cluster is simulated at least at two different numerical resolutions. For eight of them, the highest resol... Read More about The Phoenix Project: the dark side of rich Galaxy clusters.

The missing massive satellites of the Milky Way (2012)
Journal Article
Wang, J., Frenk, C., Navarro, J., Gao, L., & Sawala, T. (2012). The missing massive satellites of the Milky Way. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 424(4), 2715-2721. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21357.x

Recent studies suggest that only three of the 12 brightest satellites of the Milky Way (MW) inhabit dark matter haloes with maximum circular velocity, Vmax, exceeding ∼30 km s−1. This is in apparent contradiction with the Λ cold dark matter (CDM) sim... Read More about The missing massive satellites of the Milky Way.

The nature and descendants of Lyman-break galaxies in the Λ cold dark matter cosmology (2012)
Journal Article
González, J., Lacey, C., Baugh, C., Frenk, C., & Benson, A. (2012). The nature and descendants of Lyman-break galaxies in the Λ cold dark matter cosmology. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 423(4), 3709-3726. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21167.x

We predict the formation histories, properties and descendants of Lyman-break galaxies (LBGs) in the Λ cold dark matter cosmology. In our model, which incorporates a top-heavy initial mass function in starbursts, we find that most LBGs are starbursts... Read More about The nature and descendants of Lyman-break galaxies in the Λ cold dark matter cosmology.

The origin of discs and spheroids in simulated galaxies (2012)
Journal Article
Sales, L. V., Navarro, J. F., Theuns, T., Schaye, J., White, S. D., Frenk, C. S., …Dalla Vecchia, C. (2012). The origin of discs and spheroids in simulated galaxies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 423(2), 1544-1555. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20975.x

The major morphological features of a galaxy are thought to be determined by the assembly history and net spin of its surrounding dark halo. In the simplest scenario, disc galaxies form predominantly in haloes with high angular momentum and quiet rec... Read More about The origin of discs and spheroids in simulated galaxies.

Principles of supernova-driven winds (2012)
Journal Article
Stringer, M., Bower, R., Cole, S., Frenk, C., & Theuns, T. (2012). Principles of supernova-driven winds. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 423(2), 1596-1609. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20982.x

The formation of galaxies is regulated by a balance between the supply of gas and the rate at which it is ejected. Traditional explanations of gas ejection equate the energy required to escape the galaxy or host halo to an estimate for the energy yie... Read More about Principles of supernova-driven winds.

The Aquila comparison project : the effects of feedback and numerical methods on simulations of galaxy formation (2012)
Journal Article
Scannapieco, C., Wadepuhl, M., Parry, O., Navarro, J., Jenkins, A., Springel, V., …Woods, R. (2012). The Aquila comparison project : the effects of feedback and numerical methods on simulations of galaxy formation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 423(2), 1726-1749. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20993.x

We compare the results of various cosmological gas-dynamical codes used to simulate the formation of a galaxy in the Λ cold dark matter structure formation paradigm. The various runs (13 in total) differ in their numerical hydrodynamical treatment [s... Read More about The Aquila comparison project : the effects of feedback and numerical methods on simulations of galaxy formation.

On the effects of line-of-sight structures on lensing flux-ratio anomalies in a ΛCDM universe (2012)
Journal Article
Xu, D., Mao, S., Cooper, A., Gao, L., Frenk, C., Angulo, R., & Helly, J. (2012). On the effects of line-of-sight structures on lensing flux-ratio anomalies in a ΛCDM universe. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 421(3), 2553-2567. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20484.x

The flux-ratio anomalies observed in multiply lensed quasar images are most plausibly explained as the result of perturbing structures superposed on the underlying smooth matter distribution of the primary lens. The cold dark matter cosmological mode... Read More about On the effects of line-of-sight structures on lensing flux-ratio anomalies in a ΛCDM universe.

Spin flips - I. Evolution of the angular momentum orientation of Milky Way-mass dark matter haloes (2012)
Journal Article
Bett, P., & Frenk, C. (2012). Spin flips - I. Evolution of the angular momentum orientation of Milky Way-mass dark matter haloes. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 420(4), 3324-3333. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20275.x

During the growth of a cold dark matter halo, the direction of its spin can undergo rapid changes. These could disrupt or even destroy a stellar disc forming in the halo, possibly resulting in the generation of a bulge or spheroid. We investigate the... Read More about Spin flips - I. Evolution of the angular momentum orientation of Milky Way-mass dark matter haloes.

The haloes of bright satellite galaxies in a warm dark matter universe (2012)
Journal Article
Lovell, M., Eke, V., Frenk, C., Gao, L., Jenkins, A., Theuns, T., …Ruchayskiy, O. (2012). The haloes of bright satellite galaxies in a warm dark matter universe. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 420(3), 2318-2324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20200.x

High-resolution N-body simulations of galactic cold dark matter haloes indicate that we should expect to find a few satellite galaxies around the Milky Way whose haloes have a maximum circular velocity in excess of 40 km s−1. Yet, with the exception... Read More about The haloes of bright satellite galaxies in a warm dark matter universe.