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Synthesis and Evaluation of Europium Complexes that Switch On Luminescence in Lysosomes of Living Cells (2020)
Journal Article
Starck, M., Fradgley, J. D., Pal, R., Zwier, J. M., Lamarque, L., & Parker, D. (2021). Synthesis and Evaluation of Europium Complexes that Switch On Luminescence in Lysosomes of Living Cells. Chemistry - A European Journal, 27(2), 766-777. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202003992

A set of four luminescent Eu(III) complexes bearing an extended aryl‐alkynylpyridine chromophore has been studied, showing very different pH‐dependent behaviour in their absorption and emission spectral response. For two complexes with p K a values o... Read More about Synthesis and Evaluation of Europium Complexes that Switch On Luminescence in Lysosomes of Living Cells.

Circularly polarized lanthanide luminescence for advanced security inks (2020)
Journal Article
MacKenzie, L. E., & Pal, R. (2021). Circularly polarized lanthanide luminescence for advanced security inks. Nature Reviews Chemistry, 5, 109-124. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41570-020-00235-4

Authenticating products and documents with security inks is vital to global commerce, security and health. Lanthanide complexes are widely used in luminescent security inks due to their unique and robust photophysical properties. Lanthanide complexes... Read More about Circularly polarized lanthanide luminescence for advanced security inks.

Three-dimensional data capture and analysis of intact eye lenses evidences emmetropia-associated changes and strain-dependent differences in epithelial cell organization (2020)
Journal Article
Kalligeraki, A. A., Isted, A., Pal, R., Saunter, C., Girkin, J., Jarrin, M., …Quinlan, R. A. (2020). Three-dimensional data capture and analysis of intact eye lenses evidences emmetropia-associated changes and strain-dependent differences in epithelial cell organization. Scientific Reports, 10, Article 16898. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-73625-9

Organ and tissue development are highly coordinated processes; lens growth and functional integration into the eye (emmetropia) is a robust example. An epithelial monolayer covers the anterior hemisphere of the lens, and its organization is the key t... Read More about Three-dimensional data capture and analysis of intact eye lenses evidences emmetropia-associated changes and strain-dependent differences in epithelial cell organization.

Anticancer Ruthenium Complexes with HDAC Isoform Selectivity (2020)
Journal Article
Cross, J., Blower, T., Kingdon, A., Pal, R., Picton, D., & Walton, J. (2020). Anticancer Ruthenium Complexes with HDAC Isoform Selectivity. Molecules, 25(10), Article 2383. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25102383

The histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes have emerged as an important class of molecular targets in cancer therapy, with five inhibitors in clinical use. Recently, it has been shown that a lack of selectivity between the 11 Zn-dependent HDAC isoforms m... Read More about Anticancer Ruthenium Complexes with HDAC Isoform Selectivity.

Development of tris-cyclometalated iridium complexes for cellular imaging through structural modification (2020)
Journal Article
Meksawangwong, S., Gohil, B., Punyain, W., Pal, R., & Kielar, F. (2020). Development of tris-cyclometalated iridium complexes for cellular imaging through structural modification. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 508, Article 119609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2020.119609

Herein we report the synthesis and investigation of two novel tris-cyclometalated iridium complexes derived from [Ir(ppy)3] and bearing an aminoalkyl substituent on one of the 2-phenylpyridine ligands. These complexes differ in the number of the alky... Read More about Development of tris-cyclometalated iridium complexes for cellular imaging through structural modification.

Molecular Nanomachines Can Destroy Tissue or Kill Multicellular Eukaryotes (2020)
Journal Article
Gunasekera, R. S., Galbadage, T., Ayala-Orozco, C., Liu, D., García-López, V., Troutman, B. E., …Tour, J. M. (2020). Molecular Nanomachines Can Destroy Tissue or Kill Multicellular Eukaryotes. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 12(12), 13657-13670. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b22595

Light-activated molecular nanomachines (MNMs) can be used to drill holes into prokaryotic (bacterial) cell walls and the membrane of eukaryotic cells, including mammalian cancer cells, by their fast rotational movement, leading to cell death. We exam... Read More about Molecular Nanomachines Can Destroy Tissue or Kill Multicellular Eukaryotes.

Time-resolved luminescence detection of peroxynitrite using a reactivity-based lanthanide probe (2020)
Journal Article
Breen, C., Pal, R., Elsegood, M. R., Teat, S. J., Iza, F., Wende, K., …Butler, S. J. (2020). Time-resolved luminescence detection of peroxynitrite using a reactivity-based lanthanide probe. Chemical Science, 11(12), 3164-3170. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9sc06053g

Peroxynitrite (ONOO−) is a powerful and short-lived oxidant formed in vivo, which can react with most biomolecules directly. To fully understand the roles of ONOO− in cell biology, improved methods for the selective detection and real-time analysis o... Read More about Time-resolved luminescence detection of peroxynitrite using a reactivity-based lanthanide probe.

Visible-Light-Activated Molecular Nanomachines Kill Pancreatic Cancer Cells (2019)
Journal Article
Ayala Orozco, C., Liu, D., Li, Y., Alemany, L. B., Pal, R., Krishnan, S., & Tour, J. M. (2020). Visible-Light-Activated Molecular Nanomachines Kill Pancreatic Cancer Cells. ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, 12(1), 410-417. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b21497

Recently, synthetic molecular nanomachines (MNMs) that rotate unidirectionally in response to UV light excitation have been used to produce nanomechanical action on live cells to kill them through the drilling of holes in their cell membranes. In the... Read More about Visible-Light-Activated Molecular Nanomachines Kill Pancreatic Cancer Cells.

Molecular Nanomachines Disrupt Bacterial Cell Wall, Increasing Sensitivity of Extensively Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae to Meropenem (2019)
Journal Article
Galbadage, T., Liu, D., Alemany, L. B., Pal, R., Tour, J. M., Gunasekera, R. S., & Cirillo, J. D. (2019). Molecular Nanomachines Disrupt Bacterial Cell Wall, Increasing Sensitivity of Extensively Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae to Meropenem. ACS Nano, 13(12), 14377-14387. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b07836

Multidrug resistance in pathogenic bacteria is an increasing problem in patient care and public health. Molecular nanomachines (MNMs) have the ability to open cell membranes using nanomechanical action. We hypothesized that MNMs could be used as anti... Read More about Molecular Nanomachines Disrupt Bacterial Cell Wall, Increasing Sensitivity of Extensively Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae to Meropenem.

Targeted Luminescent Europium Peptide Conjugates: Comparative Analysis Using Maleimide and para-Nitropyridyl Linkages for Organelle Staining (2019)
Journal Article
Starck, M., Fradgley, J. D., Di Vita, S., Mosely, J., Pal, R., & Parker, D. (2020). Targeted Luminescent Europium Peptide Conjugates: Comparative Analysis Using Maleimide and para-Nitropyridyl Linkages for Organelle Staining. Bioconjugate Chemistry, 31(2), 229-240. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00735

The syntheses and photophysical behaviour of nine, strongly luminescent nonadentate Eu(III) complexes are reported. Each complex is based on N-functionalised 1,4,7- triazacyclononane, and linkage to other groups or targeting vectors can occur either... Read More about Targeted Luminescent Europium Peptide Conjugates: Comparative Analysis Using Maleimide and para-Nitropyridyl Linkages for Organelle Staining.

Synthesis of water-soluble chiral DOTA lanthanide complexes with predominately twisted square antiprism isomers and circularly polarized luminescence emission (2019)
Journal Article
Dai, L., Zhang, J., Chen, Y., MacKenzie, L. E., Pal, R., & Law, G. (2019). Synthesis of water-soluble chiral DOTA lanthanide complexes with predominately twisted square antiprism isomers and circularly polarized luminescence emission. Inorganic Chemistry, 58(19), 12506-12510. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01799

One-step cyclization of a tetraazamacrocycle 5 with 70% yield in a 25-g scale was performed. Its chiral DOTA derivatives, L4, has ∼93% of TSAP coordination isomer in its Eu(III) and Yb(III) complexes in aqueous solution. [GdL4]5– exhibits a high rela... Read More about Synthesis of water-soluble chiral DOTA lanthanide complexes with predominately twisted square antiprism isomers and circularly polarized luminescence emission.

Synthesis and investigation of a tris-cyclometalated iridium complex bearing a single quarternary ammonium group (2019)
Journal Article
Meksawangwong, S., Gohil, B., Punyain, W., Pal, R., & Kielar, F. (2019). Synthesis and investigation of a tris-cyclometalated iridium complex bearing a single quarternary ammonium group. Inorganica Chimica Acta, 497, Article 119066. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2019.119066

A novel tris-cyclometalated iridium complex (1) containing a single quarternary ammonium moiety has been synthesized, characterized, and investigated as a potential cellular imaging probe. The complex is the next generation of the aminoalkyl iridium... Read More about Synthesis and investigation of a tris-cyclometalated iridium complex bearing a single quarternary ammonium group.

π‐Expanded Thioxanthones ‐ Engineering the Triplet Level of Thioxanthone Sensitizers for Lanthanide‐Based Luminescent Probes with Visible Excitation (2019)
Journal Article
Dansholm, C. N., Junker, A. K. R., Nielsen, L. G., Kofod, N., Pal, R., & Sørensen, T. J. (2019). π‐Expanded Thioxanthones ‐ Engineering the Triplet Level of Thioxanthone Sensitizers for Lanthanide‐Based Luminescent Probes with Visible Excitation. ChemPlusChem, 84(12), 1778-1788. https://doi.org/10.1002/cplu.201900309

Bright lanthanide based probes for optical bioimaging must rely on the antenna principle, where the lanthanide‐centred excited state is formed by a complex sensitization process. Efficient sensitization of lanthanide‐centred emission occurs via tripl... Read More about π‐Expanded Thioxanthones ‐ Engineering the Triplet Level of Thioxanthone Sensitizers for Lanthanide‐Based Luminescent Probes with Visible Excitation.

Near Infrared Light Activates Molecular Nanomachines to Drill Into and Kill Cells (2019)
Journal Article
Liu, D., García-López, V., Gunasekera, R. S., Greer Nilewski, L., Alemany, L. B., Aliyan, A., …Pal, R. (2019). Near Infrared Light Activates Molecular Nanomachines to Drill Into and Kill Cells. ACS Nano, 13(6), 6813-6823. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b01556

Using two-photon excitation (2PE), molecular nanomachines (MNMs) are able to drill through cell membranes and kill the cells. This avoids the use of the more damaging ultraviolet (UV) light that has been used formerly to induce this nanomechanical ce... Read More about Near Infrared Light Activates Molecular Nanomachines to Drill Into and Kill Cells.

Holographic projection for multi-spot structured illumination microscopy (2019)
Journal Article
Ward, E., & Pal, R. (2019). Holographic projection for multi-spot structured illumination microscopy. Journal of Microscopy, 274(2), 114-120. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmi.12787

This paper describes the design and testing of a multi‐spot structured illumination microscopy system using computer‐generated holograms to create the required excitation patterns. Furthermore, it demonstrates the use of an adapted direct search algo... Read More about Holographic projection for multi-spot structured illumination microscopy.

In Vitro and in Cellulo Sensing of Transition Metals Using Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Microscopy (2018)
Journal Article
Pal, R., Barker, A. C., Hummel, D., & Pålsson, L. (2019). In Vitro and in Cellulo Sensing of Transition Metals Using Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Microscopy. Journal of Fluorescence, 29(1), 255-263. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10895-018-2335-z

In this work we demonstrate that time domain techniques can be used successfully to monitor realtively weak modulations of the fluorescence in sensing applications. The metal sensing complex Newport Green DCF™ can detect selected transition metals in... Read More about In Vitro and in Cellulo Sensing of Transition Metals Using Time-Resolved Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Microscopy.

Interaction of Nucleotides with a Trinuclear Terbium(III)–Dizinc(II) Complex: Efficient Sensitization of Terbium Luminescence by Guanosine Monophosphate and Application to Real-Time Monitoring of Phosphodiesterase Activity (2018)
Journal Article
Aulsebrook, M. L., Starck, M., Grace, M. R., Graham, B., Thordarson, P., Pal, R., & Tuck, K. L. (2019). Interaction of Nucleotides with a Trinuclear Terbium(III)–Dizinc(II) Complex: Efficient Sensitization of Terbium Luminescence by Guanosine Monophosphate and Application to Real-Time Monitoring of Phosphodiesterase Activity. Inorganic Chemistry, 58(1), 495-505. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02731

An in-depth study of the interaction of a trinuclear terbium(III)–dizinc(II) complex with an array of nucleotides differing in the type of nucleobase and number of phosphate groups, as well as cyclic versus acyclic variants, is presented. The study e... Read More about Interaction of Nucleotides with a Trinuclear Terbium(III)–Dizinc(II) Complex: Efficient Sensitization of Terbium Luminescence by Guanosine Monophosphate and Application to Real-Time Monitoring of Phosphodiesterase Activity.

Highly Linearized Twisted Iridium(III) Complexes (2018)
Journal Article
Davidson, R., Hsu, Y., Griffiths, G. C., Li, C., Yufit, D., Pal, R., & Beeby, A. (2018). Highly Linearized Twisted Iridium(III) Complexes. Inorganic Chemistry, 57(22), 14450-14462. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02818

Sonogashira coupling with alkyne iridium(phenylpyridine)2(acetylacetone) synthons is used to produce highly linearized twisted iridium(III) complexes with lengths of up to 5 nm. These complexes were mechanically aligned in a polymer matrix, showing a... Read More about Highly Linearized Twisted Iridium(III) Complexes.

Selective signalling of glyphosate in water using europium luminescence (2018)
Journal Article
Jennings, L. B., Shuvaev, S., Fox, M. A., Pal, R., & Parker, D. (2018). Selective signalling of glyphosate in water using europium luminescence. Dalton Transactions, 47(45), 16145-16154. https://doi.org/10.1039/c8dt03823f

A series of four emissive europium complexes has been evaluated for the binding of glyphosate in various aqueous media, including river water and grain extracts. Binding selectivity toward inorganic phosphate and bicarbonate was enhanced by measuring... Read More about Selective signalling of glyphosate in water using europium luminescence.