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All Outputs (13)

Ever closer union? Unification, difference, and the 'Making of Europe', c.950-c.1350 (2022)
Journal Article
Scales, L. (2022). Ever closer union? Unification, difference, and the 'Making of Europe', c.950-c.1350. The English Historical Review, 137(585), 321-361. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/ceac061

The article explores the relationships between the universal and the particular in high medieval Europe. It notes the enduring appeal of views of the period as being marked by an increasingly unified ‘European’ culture and explains their modern salie... Read More about Ever closer union? Unification, difference, and the 'Making of Europe', c.950-c.1350.

Wenceslas looks out: monarchy, locality, and the symbolism of power in fourteenth-century Bavaria (2019)
Journal Article
Scales, L. (2019). Wenceslas looks out: monarchy, locality, and the symbolism of power in fourteenth-century Bavaria. Central European History, 52(2), 179-210. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0008938919000141

This article reassesses the reputation enjoyed by Charles IV of Luxemburg, emperor and king of Bohemia (r. 1346/1347–1378), as the author of a program aimed at projecting his monarchy via visual media. Current scholarship, which stresses the centrall... Read More about Wenceslas looks out: monarchy, locality, and the symbolism of power in fourteenth-century Bavaria.

Bread, cheese and genocide: imagining the destruction of peoples in medieval western Europe (2007)
Journal Article
Scales, L. (2007). Bread, cheese and genocide: imagining the destruction of peoples in medieval western Europe. History, 92(307), 284-300. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-229x.2007.00396.x

Western European society in the middle ages is generally perceived as lying, in its modes of thought and action, far remote from those acts of mass ethnic destruction which have been a recurrent element in world history since the early twentieth cent... Read More about Bread, cheese and genocide: imagining the destruction of peoples in medieval western Europe.

Monarchy and German identity in the later Middle Ages (2001)
Journal Article
Scales, L. (2001). Monarchy and German identity in the later Middle Ages. Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester, 83(3), 167-200. https://doi.org/10.7227/bjrl.83.3.10

'What is the German's fatherland?', Ernst Moritz Arndt famously demanded to know. Also famous is his own answer. Prussia? Swabia? Where the vine ripens by the Rhine? Where the seagull wheels over the Belt? No: none of these, but something larger and... Read More about Monarchy and German identity in the later Middle Ages.

At the margin of community: Germans in pre-Hussite Bohemia (1999)
Journal Article
Scales, L. (1999). At the margin of community: Germans in pre-Hussite Bohemia. Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 9, 327-352. https://doi.org/10.2307/3679408

Arguably, the single most important dimension in the existence of any community, medieval or modern, is its members' shared conviction that it exists, and that its existence represents a significant bond between them. The central and later Middle Age... Read More about At the margin of community: Germans in pre-Hussite Bohemia.