Increases in DXA-derived visceral fat across one season in professional rugby union players: importance of visceral fat monitoring in athlete body composition assessment

McHugh, C.; Hind, K.; Wyse, J.; Davey, D.; Wilson, F.

doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2020.09.001

Skeletal Loading: Lean and Bone Mass Development in Young Elite Male Gymnasts, Swimmers, and Nonathletes Aged 6-24 Years. (2024)
Journal Article
Gannon, L., & Hind, K. (online). Skeletal Loading: Lean and Bone Mass Development in Young Elite Male Gymnasts, Swimmers, and Nonathletes Aged 6-24 Years. Pediatric Exercise Science, https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2024-0029

Exercise optimizes peak bone mass accrual, particularly if the loading is high magnitude and distributed in abnormal directions. Little is known about the influence of early intense training in sport during peak bone mass accrual, especially in boys.... Read More about Skeletal Loading: Lean and Bone Mass Development in Young Elite Male Gymnasts, Swimmers, and Nonathletes Aged 6-24 Years..

Concussion-Related Biomarker Variations in Retired Rugby Players and Implications for Neurodegenerative Disease Risk: The UK Rugby Health Study (2024)
Journal Article
Alanazi, N., Fitzgerald, M., Hume, P., Hellewell, S., Horncastle, A., Anyaegbu, C., Papini, M. G., Hargreaves, N., Halicki, M., Entwistle, I., Hind, K., & Chazot, P. (2024). Concussion-Related Biomarker Variations in Retired Rugby Players and Implications for Neurodegenerative Disease Risk: The UK Rugby Health Study. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 25(14), Article 7811. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms25147811

The health and well-being of retired rugby union and league players, particularly regarding the long-term effects of concussions, are of major concern. Concussion has been identified as a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzh... Read More about Concussion-Related Biomarker Variations in Retired Rugby Players and Implications for Neurodegenerative Disease Risk: The UK Rugby Health Study.

ECG findings in professional rugby players using international screening recommendations. (2024)
Journal Article
McHugh, C., Petek, B., Grant, A. J., Gustus, S., van Dyk, N., Hind, K., …Wasfy, M. (2024). ECG findings in professional rugby players using international screening recommendations. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 10(1), e001813. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001813

BackgroundWhile World Rugby guidelines do not mandate the inclusion of an electrocardiogram (ECG) for all players, this is required for entry into international rugby competitions. We, therefore, sought to describe sport-specific normative ECG values... Read More about ECG findings in professional rugby players using international screening recommendations..

Cardiovascular risk and systemic inflammation in male professional rugby: a cross-sectional study (2023)
Journal Article
McHugh, C., Hind, K., Kelly, A., Fearon, U., Wasfy, M., Floudas, A., …Wilson, F. (2023). Cardiovascular risk and systemic inflammation in male professional rugby: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, 9(4), Article e001636. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001636

Objective: To investigate cardiovascular risk factors’ prevalence and association with systemic inflammation in professional male rugby players (RP). Methods: A cross-sectional investigation of 46 professional male RP (26.1±4.1 years) cardiovascular... Read More about Cardiovascular risk and systemic inflammation in male professional rugby: a cross-sectional study.

Precision of the GE Lunar total body-less head scan for the measurement of three-compartment body composition in athletes (2022)
Journal Article
Jones, W., Pearson, A., Glassbrook, D., Slater, G., Dodd-Reynolds, C., & Hind, K. (2022). Precision of the GE Lunar total body-less head scan for the measurement of three-compartment body composition in athletes. Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 25, 692-698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2022.08.008

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is widely used for the assessment of lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM) and bone mineral content (BMC). When observing standardised protocols, DXA has a high level of precision for the assessment of total body compos... Read More about Precision of the GE Lunar total body-less head scan for the measurement of three-compartment body composition in athletes.

Sex differences in the impact of resistance exercise load on muscle damage: A protocol for a randomised parallel group trial (2022)
Journal Article
Pearson, A. G., Macnaughton, L. S., & Hind, K. (2022). Sex differences in the impact of resistance exercise load on muscle damage: A protocol for a randomised parallel group trial. PLoS ONE, 17(9), https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0275221

Introduction Resistance training can induce skeletal muscle hypertrophy and strength gains, but is also associated with acute muscle damage, characterised by muscle soreness, impaired muscle function, and structural damage to muscle cell membranes an... Read More about Sex differences in the impact of resistance exercise load on muscle damage: A protocol for a randomised parallel group trial.

Lean mass, muscle strength and quality in retired rugby players: UK Rugby Health Project (2022)
Journal Article
Entwistle, I., Lees, M., Francis, P., Hume, P., & Hind, K. (2022). Lean mass, muscle strength and quality in retired rugby players: UK Rugby Health Project. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 43(11), 958-963. https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1854-0052

Although athletes from sports such as rugby have greater lean mass and strength during their playing careers, little is known about these characteristics post-retirement. Therefore, this study investigated lean mass, strength, and muscle quality in r... Read More about Lean mass, muscle strength and quality in retired rugby players: UK Rugby Health Project.

Match and training injury incidence in rugby league: A systematic review, pooled analysis, and update on published studies   (2022)
Journal Article
King, D., Hume, P., Clark, T., & Hind, K. (2022). Match and training injury incidence in rugby league: A systematic review, pooled analysis, and update on published studies  . Sports Medicine and Health Science, 4(2), 75-84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smhs.2022.03.002

In studies reporting rugby league injuries, match injuries varied depending upon participation level. To review and update pooled data estimates for rugby league injury epidemiology and add information for participation levels in match and training e... Read More about Match and training injury incidence in rugby league: A systematic review, pooled analysis, and update on published studies  .

Muscle fat infiltration but not muscle cross-sectional area is independently associated with bone mineral density at the lumbar spine (2022)
Journal Article
Yang, Q., Dong, Y., Wang, L., Li, K., Liang, W., Zhang, W., …Hind, K. (2022). Muscle fat infiltration but not muscle cross-sectional area is independently associated with bone mineral density at the lumbar spine. British Journal of Radiology, 95(1134), https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20210371

Objectives: Although sarcopenia and osteoporosis are inter related conditions that are common with advancing age, few studies have explored relationships between muscle quality and bone mineral density (BMD). We investigated age and sex-specific para... Read More about Muscle fat infiltration but not muscle cross-sectional area is independently associated with bone mineral density at the lumbar spine.

The role of sex hormones on bone mineral density, marrow adiposity, and muscle adiposity in middle-aged and older men (2022)
Journal Article
Xu, L., Zhao, Q., Li, K., Zhang, Y., Wang, C., Hind, K., …Cheng, X. (2022). The role of sex hormones on bone mineral density, marrow adiposity, and muscle adiposity in middle-aged and older men. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 13, Article 817418. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.817418

Purpose: The etiology of age-related bone loss is less clear in men. This study is aimed to observe the variations of endogenous sex hormone concentrations with increasing of age in men, and investigate their relations to bone mass, marrow adiposity,... Read More about The role of sex hormones on bone mineral density, marrow adiposity, and muscle adiposity in middle-aged and older men.

The incidence, cost, and burden of concussion in women’s rugby league and rugby union: A systematic review and pooled analysis (2022)
Journal Article
King, D., Hume, P., Hind, K., Clark, N., & Hardaker, N. (online). The incidence, cost, and burden of concussion in women’s rugby league and rugby union: A systematic review and pooled analysis. Sports Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-022-01645-8

Background: The extent of concussion injury in the rugby codes for women is unclear. Objective: Our aim was to review all published studies reporting concussion injuries from match and training participation in rugby codes and report the pooled data... Read More about The incidence, cost, and burden of concussion in women’s rugby league and rugby union: A systematic review and pooled analysis.

Mental health and wellbeing of retired elite and amateur rugby players and non-contact athletes and associations with sports-related concussion: the UK Rugby Health Project (2021)
Journal Article
Hind, K., Konerth, N., Entwistle, I., Hume, P., Theadom, A., Lewis, G., …Chazot, P. (2022). Mental health and wellbeing of retired elite and amateur rugby players and non-contact athletes and associations with sports-related concussion: the UK Rugby Health Project. Sports Medicine, 52(6), 1419-1431. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01594-8

Background: Concerns have intensified over the health and wellbeing of rugby union and league players, and in particular, about the longer term effects of concussion. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether there were differences in ment... Read More about Mental health and wellbeing of retired elite and amateur rugby players and non-contact athletes and associations with sports-related concussion: the UK Rugby Health Project.

Toward Complete, Candid, and Unbiased International Consensus Statements on Concussion in Sport (2021)
Journal Article
Casper, S., Bachynski, K., Buckland, M., Comrie, D., Gandy, S., Gates, J., …Finkel, A. (2021). Toward Complete, Candid, and Unbiased International Consensus Statements on Concussion in Sport. Journal of Law, Medicine and Ethics, 49(3), 372-377. https://doi.org/10.1017/jme.2021.56

Five international consensus statements on concussion in sports have been published. This commentary argues that there is a strong need for a new approach to them that foregrounds public health expertise and patient-centered guidance. Doing so will h... Read More about Toward Complete, Candid, and Unbiased International Consensus Statements on Concussion in Sport.

Measurement of visceral fat and abdominal obesity by single-frequency bioelectrical impedance and CT: a cross-sectional study (2021)
Journal Article
Xu, Z., Liu, Y., Yan, C., Yang, R., Xu, L., Guo, Z., …Hind, K. (2021). Measurement of visceral fat and abdominal obesity by single-frequency bioelectrical impedance and CT: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open, 11(10), https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-048221

Objectives: The measurement of visceral fat (VF) is clinically important for the identification of individuals at high risk of visceral obesity-related health conditions. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a widely available and frequently use... Read More about Measurement of visceral fat and abdominal obesity by single-frequency bioelectrical impedance and CT: a cross-sectional study.

Body Mass and Body Composition Changes over 7 Years in a Male Professional Rugby Union Team (2021)
Journal Article
McHugh, C., Hind, K., O'Halloran, A., Davey, D., Farrell, G., & Wilson, F. (online). Body Mass and Body Composition Changes over 7 Years in a Male Professional Rugby Union Team. International Journal of Sports Medicine, https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1403-2906

The purpose of this study was to investigate longitudinal body mass and body composition changes in one professional rugby union team (n=123), (i) according to position [forwards (n=58) versus backs (n=65)], analysis of players with 6 consecutive sea... Read More about Body Mass and Body Composition Changes over 7 Years in a Male Professional Rugby Union Team.

Vertebral anomalies in retired rugby players and the impact on bone density calculation of the lumbar spine (2021)
Journal Article
Entwistle, I., Hume, P., Francis, P., & Hind, K. (2021). Vertebral anomalies in retired rugby players and the impact on bone density calculation of the lumbar spine. Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 24(2), 200-205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2021.01.008

Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) measurements are subject to artificial elevation in the presence of structural abnormalities that are more common with age and injury, including osteoarthritis, fracture a... Read More about Vertebral anomalies in retired rugby players and the impact on bone density calculation of the lumbar spine.

Short Term Precision Error of Body Composition Assessment Methods in Resistance Trained Male Athletes" (2020)
Journal Article
Farley, A., Slater, G., & Hind, K. (2021). Short Term Precision Error of Body Composition Assessment Methods in Resistance Trained Male Athletes". International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 31(1), 55-65. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2020-0061

Athletic populations require high-precision body composition assessments to identify true change. Least significant change determines technical error via same-day consecutive tests but does not integrate biological variation, which is more relevant f... Read More about Short Term Precision Error of Body Composition Assessment Methods in Resistance Trained Male Athletes".

Opportunistic screening using low-dose CT and the prevalence of osteoporosis in China: a nation-wide, multicenter study (2020)
Journal Article
Xiaoguang, C., Kai Ping, Z., Xiaojuan, Z., Xia, D., Yongli, L., Shuang, C., …Wei, T. (2021). Opportunistic screening using low-dose CT and the prevalence of osteoporosis in China: a nation-wide, multicenter study. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 36(3), 427-435. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.4187

Opportunistic screening for osteoporosis can be performed using low‐dose computed tomography (LDCT) imaging obtained for other clinical indications. In this study we explored the CT‐derived bone mineral density (BMD) and prevalence of osteoporosis fr... Read More about Opportunistic screening using low-dose CT and the prevalence of osteoporosis in China: a nation-wide, multicenter study.

Adjustment of DXA BMD measurements for anthropometric factors and its impact on the diagnosis of osteoporosis (2020)
Journal Article
Wang, L., Ran, L., Zha, X., Zhao, K., Yang, Y., Shuang, Q., …Blake, G. M. (2020). Adjustment of DXA BMD measurements for anthropometric factors and its impact on the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Archives of Osteoporosis, 15(1), Article 155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-020-00833-1

Summary: We compared the effect of anthropometric factors on osteoporosis diagnosis by quantitative computed tomography (QCT) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and found QCT spine volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) was not associated wit... Read More about Adjustment of DXA BMD measurements for anthropometric factors and its impact on the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

Increases in DXA-derived visceral fat across one season in professional rugby union players: importance of visceral fat monitoring in athlete body composition assessment (2020)
Journal Article
McHugh, C., Hind, K., Wyse, J., Davey, D., & Wilson, F. (2021). Increases in DXA-derived visceral fat across one season in professional rugby union players: importance of visceral fat monitoring in athlete body composition assessment. Journal of Clinical Densitometry, 24(2), 206-213. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocd.2020.09.001

Introduction: In rugby, the average player body mass has increased by approximately 25% since 1955. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is associated with low grade inflammation, and chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of this st... Read More about Increases in DXA-derived visceral fat across one season in professional rugby union players: importance of visceral fat monitoring in athlete body composition assessment.

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