ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: CO Luminosity Functions and the Evolution of the Cosmic Density of Molecular Gas

Decarli, R.; Walter, F.; Aravena, M.; Carilli, C.; Bouwens, R.; da Cunha, E.; Daddi, E.; Ivison, R.J.; Popping, G.; Riechers, D.; Smail, I.R.; Swinbank, M.; Weiss, A.; Anguita, T.; Assef, R.J.; Bauer, F.E.; Bell, E.F.; Bertoldi, F.; Chapman, S.; Colina, L.; Cortes, P.C.; Cox, P.; Dickinson, M.; Elbaz, D.; Gónzalez-López, J.; Ibar, E.; Infante, L.; Hodge, J.; Karim, A.; Le Fevre, O.; Magnelli, B.; Neri, R.; Oesch, P.; Ota, K.; Rix, H.-W.; Sargent, M.; Sheth, K.; van der Wel, A.; van der Werf, P.; Wagg, J.

Abstract

In this paper we use ASPECS, the ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field in band 3 and band 6, to place blind constraints on the CO luminosity function and the evolution of the cosmic molecular gas density as a function of redshift up to z ~ 4.5. This study is based on galaxies that have been selected solely through their CO emission and not through any other property. In all of the redshift bins the ASPECS measurements reach the predicted "knee" of the CO luminosity function (around 5 × 109 K km s−1 pc2). We find clear evidence of an evolution in the CO luminosity function with respect to z ~ 0, with more CO-luminous galaxies present at z ~ 2. The observed galaxies at z ~ 2 also appear more gas-rich than predicted by recent semi-analytical models. The comoving cosmic molecular gas density within galaxies as a function of redshift shows a drop by a factor of 3–10 from z ~ 2 to z ~ 0 (with significant error bars), and possibly a decline at z > 3. This trend is similar to the observed evolution of the cosmic star formation rate density. The latter therefore appears to be at least partly driven by the increased availability of molecular gas reservoirs at the peak of cosmic star formation (z ~ 2).

Citation

Decarli, R., Walter, F., Aravena, M., Carilli, C., Bouwens, R., da Cunha, E., …Wagg, J. (2016). ALMA Spectroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field: CO Luminosity Functions and the Evolution of the Cosmic Density of Molecular Gas. Astrophysical Journal, 833(1), Article 69. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/833/1/69

• Journal Article Type: Article
• Acceptance Date: Sep 7, 2016
• Online Publication Date: Dec 8, 2016
• Publication Date: Dec 8, 2016
• Deposit Date: Feb 22, 2017
• Publicly Available Date: Mar 9, 2017
• Journal: Astrophysical Journal
• Print ISSN: 0004-637X
• Electronic ISSN: 1538-4357
• Publisher: American Astronomical Society
• Peer Reviewed: Peer Reviewed
• Volume: 833
• Issue: 1
• Article Number: 69
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/833/1/69
• Public URL: https://durham-repository.worktribe.com/output/1362840
• Related Public URLs: http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016ApJ...833...69D