All Outputs (79)

A comparative analysis of the encapsulated end-organs of mammalian skeletal muscles and of their sensory nerve endings. (2009)
Journal Article
Banks, R., Hulliger, M., Saed, H., & Stacey, M. (2009). A comparative analysis of the encapsulated end-organs of mammalian skeletal muscles and of their sensory nerve endings. Journal of Anatomy, 214(6), 859-887. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01072.x

The encapsulated sensory endings of mammalian skeletal muscles are all mechanoreceptors. At the most basic functional level they serve as length sensors (muscle spindle primary and secondary endings), tension sensors (tendon organs), and pressure or... Read More about A comparative analysis of the encapsulated end-organs of mammalian skeletal muscles and of their sensory nerve endings..

Comment on “Two enigmas in proprioception: Abundance and location of muscle spindles” by T. Kokkorogiannis. (2008)
Journal Article
Banks, R. (2008). of muscle spindles” by T. Kokkorogiannis. Brain Research Bulletin, 75, 504-506

Attenuation of stretch-activated discharge of rat muscle spindle afferents by ENaC channel inhibitors. (2008)
Journal Article
Simon, A., Banks, R., & Bewick, G. (2008). Attenuation of stretch-activated discharge of rat muscle spindle afferents by ENaC channel inhibitors. Proceedings of the Physiological Society, 10,

The relation between motor deficit and proprioceptiveloss after large-fibre sensory neuropathy (2006)
Journal Article
Hulliger, M., & Banks, R. (2006). The relation between motor deficit and proprioceptiveloss after large-fibre sensory neuropathy. Gait & Posture, 21,

An allometric analysis of the number of muscle spindles in mammalian skeletal muscles (2006)
Journal Article
Banks, R. (2006). An allometric analysis of the number of muscle spindles in mammalian skeletal muscles. Journal of Anatomy, 208(6), 753-768. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7580.2006.00558.x

An allometric analysis of the number of muscle spindles in relation to muscle mass in mammalian (mouse, rat, guinea pig, cat, man) skeletal muscles is presented. It is shown that the trend to increasing number as muscle mass increases follows an isom... Read More about An allometric analysis of the number of muscle spindles in mammalian skeletal muscles.

Autogenic modulation of mechanoreceptor excitability by glutamate release from synaptic-like vesicles: evidence from the rat muscle spindle primary sensory ending (2005)
Journal Article
Bewick, G. S., Reid, B., Richardson, C., & Banks, R. W. (2005). Autogenic modulation of mechanoreceptor excitability by glutamate release from synaptic-like vesicles: evidence from the rat muscle spindle primary sensory ending. The Journal of Physiology, 562(2), 381-394. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2004.074799

Fifty-nanometre diameter, clear, synaptic-like vesicles (SLVs) are found in primary mechanosensory nerve terminals of vertebrate and invertebrate animals. We have investigated their role in mechanosensory function using the muscle spindle primary end... Read More about Autogenic modulation of mechanoreceptor excitability by glutamate release from synaptic-like vesicles: evidence from the rat muscle spindle primary sensory ending.

Glutamate-enhanced muscle spindle excitability – inhibition by PLD-coupled metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists. (2004)
Journal Article
Bewick, G., Duncan, R., Eddie, W., Maguire, C., & Banks, R. (2004). Glutamate-enhanced muscle spindle excitability – inhibition by PLD-coupled metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists. The Journal of Physiology, 557P,

The effects of deafferentation on gait in the cat: sensorimotor syndrome and recovery. (2000)
Journal Article
Hulliger, M., Bishop, G., Tyson, R., Sutherland, G., & Banks, R. (2000). The effects of deafferentation on gait in the cat: sensorimotor syndrome and recovery. The Journal of Physiology, 525, 8-9S

Cross-correlation analysis of the effects of combining multiple pseudo-random fusimotor inputs on the responses of muscle-spindle primary afferents in peroneus tertius of the anaesthetized cat (2000)
Journal Article
Banks, R., & Hulliger, M. (2000). Cross-correlation analysis of the effects of combining multiple pseudo-random fusimotor inputs on the responses of muscle-spindle primary afferents in peroneus tertius of the anaesthetized cat. The Journal of Physiology, 527P,

Investigating the role of small clear vesicles in vertebrate mechanosensory endings using rat muscle spindles. (2000)
Journal Article
Bewick, G. S., Reid, B., & Banks, R. W. (2000). Investigating the role of small clear vesicles in vertebrate mechanosensory endings using rat muscle spindles. The Journal of Physiology, 528, 62-63P

Immunocytochemical demonstration of glutamate in the sensory terminals of rat muscle spindles (2000)
Journal Article
Banks, R., Richardson, C., & Bewick, G. (2000). Immunocytochemical demonstration of glutamate in the sensory terminals of rat muscle spindles. The Journal of Physiology, 528,

Testing the classification of static  axons using different patterns of random stimulation. (1999)
Journal Article
Petit, J., Banks, R., & Laporte, Y. (1999). Testing the classification of static  axons using different patterns of random stimulation. Journal of Neurophysiology, 81, 2823-2832

On the number of spindles in mammalian muscles. (1998)
Journal Article
Banks, R. (1998). On the number of spindles in mammalian muscles. The Journal of Physiology, 511,

Histological evidence for multiple, occlusive encoding sites in cat tendon organs. (1998)
Journal Article
Banks, R. (1998). Histological evidence for multiple, occlusive encoding sites in cat tendon organs. Journal of Anatomy, 192(3), https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-7580.1998.19230447.x

Correlated histological and physiological observations on a case of common sensory output and motor input of the bag1 fibre and a chain fibre in a cat tenuissimus spindle. (1998)
Journal Article
Banks, R., Hulliger, M., & Scheepstra, K. (1998). Correlated histological and physiological observations on a case of common sensory output and motor input of the bag1 fibre and a chain fibre in a cat tenuissimus spindle. Journal of Anatomy, 193, 373-381. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1469-7580.1998.19330373.x

Pacemaker activity in a sensory ending with multiple encoding sites: the cat muscle-spindle primary ending. (1997)
Journal Article
Banks, R., Hulliger, M., Scheepstra, K., & Otten, E. (1997). Pacemaker activity in a sensory ending with multiple encoding sites: the cat muscle-spindle primary ending. The Journal of Physiology, 498, 177-199. https://doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.1997.sp021850

A method for the study of the effects of combining multiple pseudorandom fusimotor inputs on the responses of muscle-spindle primary endings in peroneus tertius of the anaesthetized cat. (1996)
Journal Article
Hulliger, M., Banks, R., & Gemmill, J. (1996). A method for the study of the effects of combining multiple pseudorandom fusimotor inputs on the responses of muscle-spindle primary endings in peroneus tertius of the anaesthetized cat. The Journal of Physiology, 494,

Characteristic properties of superficial lumbrical spindles in the cat hind limb, related to their bag1 fibres. (1996)
Journal Article
Banks, R., & Emonet-Denand, F. (1996). Characteristic properties of superficial lumbrical spindles in the cat hind limb, related to their bag1 fibres. Journal of Anatomy, 189, 65-71

The distribution of calretinin in muscle receptors of the cat. (1995)
Journal Article
Eltarhouni, A., & Banks, R. (1995). The distribution of calretinin in muscle receptors of the cat. The Journal of Physiology, 487,

The motor innervation of mammalian muscle spindles. (1994)
Journal Article
Banks, R. (1994). The motor innervation of mammalian muscle spindles. Progress in Neurobiology, 43, 323-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/0301-0082%2894%2990059-0