All Outputs (104)

Volcanic Unrest at Taupō Volcano in 2019: Causes, Mechanisms and Implications (2021)
Journal Article
Illsley‐Kemp, F., Barker, S. J., Wilson, C. J., Chamberlain, C. J., Hreinsdóttir, S., Ellis, S., …Wadsworth, F. B. (2021). Volcanic Unrest at Taupō Volcano in 2019: Causes, Mechanisms and Implications. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 22(6), https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gc009803

Taupō volcano, New Zealand, is a large caldera volcano that has been highly active through the Holocene. It most recently erupted ∼1,800 years ago but there have been multiple periods of historic volcanic unrest. We use seismological and geodetic ana... Read More about Volcanic Unrest at Taupō Volcano in 2019: Causes, Mechanisms and Implications.

Pressure-Driven Opening and Filling of a Volcanic Hydrofracture Recorded by Tuffisite at Húsafell, Iceland: A Potential Seismic Source (2021)
Journal Article
Unwin, H. E., Tuffen, H., Phillips, E., Wadsworth, F. B., & James, M. R. (2021). Pressure-Driven Opening and Filling of a Volcanic Hydrofracture Recorded by Tuffisite at Húsafell, Iceland: A Potential Seismic Source. Frontiers in Earth Science, 9, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2021.668058

The opening of magmatic hydraulic fractures is an integral part of magma ascent, the triggering of volcano seismicity, and defusing the explosivity of ongoing eruptions via outgassing magmatic volatiles. If filled with pyroclastic particles, these fr... Read More about Pressure-Driven Opening and Filling of a Volcanic Hydrofracture Recorded by Tuffisite at Húsafell, Iceland: A Potential Seismic Source.

Rapid alteration of fractured volcanic conduits beneath Mt Unzen (2021)
Journal Article
Yilmaz, T. I., Wadsworth, F. B., Gilg, H. A., Hess, K., Kendrick, J. E., Wallace, P. A., …Dingwell, D. B. (2021). Rapid alteration of fractured volcanic conduits beneath Mt Unzen. Bulletin of Volcanology, 83(5), Article 34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-021-01450-7

The nature of sub-volcanic alteration is usually only observable after erosion and exhumation at old inactive volcanoes, via geochemical changes in hydrothermal fluids sampled at the surface, via relatively low-resolution geophysical methods or can b... Read More about Rapid alteration of fractured volcanic conduits beneath Mt Unzen.

Mechanical Compaction of Crustal Analogs Made of Sintered Glass Beads: The Influence of Porosity and Grain Size (2021)
Journal Article
Carbillet, L., Heap, M. J., Baud, P., Wadsworth, F. B., & Reuschlé, T. (2021). Mechanical Compaction of Crustal Analogs Made of Sintered Glass Beads: The Influence of Porosity and Grain Size. Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, 126(4), Article e2020JB021321. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020jb021321

The fundamentals of our understanding of the mechanical compaction of porous rocks stem from experimental studies. Yet, many of these studies use natural materials for which microstructural parameters are intrinsically coupled, hampering the diagnosi... Read More about Mechanical Compaction of Crustal Analogs Made of Sintered Glass Beads: The Influence of Porosity and Grain Size.

The fire resistance of high-strength concrete containing natural zeolites (2020)
Journal Article
Kushnir, A. R., Heap, M. J., Griffiths, L., Wadsworth, F. B., Langella, A., Baud, P., …Utley, J. E. (2021). The fire resistance of high-strength concrete containing natural zeolites. Cement and Concrete Composites, 116, Article 103897. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2020.103897

More sustainable and environmentally friendly concretes are essential to reduce the climatic and environmental impact of the growing demand for concrete to fuel urban sprawl. This manuscript reports on an experimental study designed to test the fire... Read More about The fire resistance of high-strength concrete containing natural zeolites.

A model for permeability evolution during volcanic welding (2020)
Journal Article
Wadsworth, F. B., Vasseur, J., Llewellin, E. W., Brown, R. J., Tuffen, H., Gardner, J. E., …Marone, F. (2021). A model for permeability evolution during volcanic welding. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 409, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2020.107118

Volcanic ash and pyroclasts can weld when deposited hot by pyroclastic density currents, in near-vent fall deposits, or in fractures in volcano interiors. Welding progressively decreases the permeability of the particle packs, influencing a range of... Read More about A model for permeability evolution during volcanic welding.

Explosive-effusive volcanic eruption transitions caused by sintering (2020)
Journal Article
Wadsworth, F. B., Llewellin, E. W., Vasseur, J., Gardner, J. E., & Tuffen, H. (2020). Explosive-effusive volcanic eruption transitions caused by sintering. Science Advances, 6(39), Article eaba7940. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba7940

Silicic volcanic activity has long been framed as either violently explosive or gently effusive. However, recent observations demonstrate that explosive and effusive behavior can occur simultaneously. Here, we propose that rhyolitic magma feeding sub... Read More about Explosive-effusive volcanic eruption transitions caused by sintering.

Quantifying Microstructural Evolution in Moving Magma (2020)
Journal Article
Dobson, K. J., Allabar, A., Bretagne, E., Coumans, J., Cassidy, M., Cimarelli, C., …Wanelik, K. (2020). Quantifying Microstructural Evolution in Moving Magma. Frontiers in Earth Science, 8, https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2020.00287

Many of the grand challenges in volcanic and magmatic research are focused on understanding the dynamics of highly heterogeneous systems and the critical conditions that enable magmas to move or eruptions to initiate. From the formation and developme... Read More about Quantifying Microstructural Evolution in Moving Magma.

An experimentally validated numerical model for bubble growth in magma (2020)
Journal Article
Coumans, J., Llewellin, E., Wadsworth, F., Humphreys, M., Mathias, S., Yelverton, B., & Gardner, J. (2020). An experimentally validated numerical model for bubble growth in magma. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 402, Article 107002. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2020.107002

Volcanic eruptions are driven by the growth of gas bubbles in magma. The timing and rate of bubble growth are important because they determine whether enough gas pressure can develop to fragment the melt. Bubbles grow in response to decompression and... Read More about An experimentally validated numerical model for bubble growth in magma.

Can nanolites enhance eruption explosivity? (2020)
Journal Article
Cáceres, F., Wadsworth, F. B., Scheu, B., Colombier, M., Madonna, C., Cimarelli, C., …Dingwell, D. B. (2020). Can nanolites enhance eruption explosivity?. Geology, 48(10), 997-1001. https://doi.org/10.1130/g47317.1

Degassing dynamics play a crucial role in controlling the explosivity of magma at erupting volcanoes. Degassing of magmatic water typically involves bubble nucleation and growth, which drive magma ascent. Crystals suspended in magma may influence bot... Read More about Can nanolites enhance eruption explosivity?.

Petrophysical properties, mechanical behaviour, and failure modes of impact melt-bearing breccia (suevite) from the Ries impact crater (Germany) (2020)
Journal Article
Heap, M. J., Gilg, H. A., Byrne, P. K., Wadsworth, F. B., & Reuschlé, T. (2020). Petrophysical properties, mechanical behaviour, and failure modes of impact melt-bearing breccia (suevite) from the Ries impact crater (Germany). Icarus, 349, Article 113873. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2020.113873

The physical properties and mechanical behaviour of impactites are an important parameter in fluid flow models and slope stability and landscape evolution assessments for heavily impacted planetary bodies. We first present porosity, permeability, You... Read More about Petrophysical properties, mechanical behaviour, and failure modes of impact melt-bearing breccia (suevite) from the Ries impact crater (Germany).

The thermal properties of porous andesite (2020)
Journal Article
Heap, M. J., Kushnir, A. R., Vasseur, J., Wadsworth, F. B., Harlé, P., Baud, P., …Deegan, F. M. (2020). The thermal properties of porous andesite. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 398, Article 106901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2020.106901

The thermal properties of volcanic rocks are crucial to accurately model heat transfer in volcanoes and in geothermal systems located within volcanic deposits. Here we provide laboratory measurements of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity fo... Read More about The thermal properties of porous andesite.

Permeability of polydisperse magma foam (2020)
Journal Article
Dingwell, D. B., Wadsworth, F. B., & Vasseur, J. (2020). Permeability of polydisperse magma foam. Geology, 48(6), 536-540. https://doi.org/10.1130/g47094.1

Effective models for the evolution of magma permeability are key to understanding shallow magma ascent and eruption dynamics. Models are generally empirical constructs, commonly focused on monodisperse systems, and unable to cope with the foam limit... Read More about Permeability of polydisperse magma foam.

Determination of permeability using a classic Darcy water column (2019)
Journal Article
Wadsworth, F. B., Vossen, C. E., Schmid, D., Colombier, M., Heap, M. J., Scheu, B., & Dingwell, D. B. (2020). Determination of permeability using a classic Darcy water column. American Journal of Physics, 88(1), 20-24. https://doi.org/10.1119/10.0000296

Permeability is a macroscopic property of materials with a percolating pore phase, such as many rocks and filters. We describe a simple experiment for the empirical determination of permeability using a low-cost method similar to that used by Darcy.... Read More about Determination of permeability using a classic Darcy water column.

The permeability of columnar jointed lava (2019)
Journal Article
Vasseur, J., & Wadsworth, F. B. (2019). The permeability of columnar jointed lava. Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth, 124(11), 11305-11315. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019jb018118

Columnar jointed lava is an important facies in many geothermal reservoir systems. The permeability of jointed lavas is dominated by the contribution from fracture networks. We use a scaling for the permeability of a set of fractures in a solid or po... Read More about The permeability of columnar jointed lava.

A general model for welding of ash particles in volcanic systems validated using in situ X-ray tomography (2019)
Journal Article
Wadsworth, F. B., Vasseur, J., Schauroth, J., Llewellin, E. W., Dobson, K. J., Havard, T., …Heap, M. J. (2019). A general model for welding of ash particles in volcanic systems validated using in situ X-ray tomography. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 525, Article 115726. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115726

Welding occurs during transport and deposition of volcanic particles in diverse settings, including pyroclastic density currents, volcanic conduits, and jet engines. Welding rate influences hazard-relevant processes, and is sensitive to water concent... Read More about A general model for welding of ash particles in volcanic systems validated using in situ X-ray tomography.

SO2 scrubbing during percolation through rhyolitic volcanic domes (2019)
Journal Article
Casas, A. S., Wadsworth, F. B., Ayris, P. M., Delmelle, P., Vasseur, J., Cimarelli, C., & Dingwell, D. B. (2019). SO2 scrubbing during percolation through rhyolitic volcanic domes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 257, 150-162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.04.013

Accurate estimates of the atmospheric impacts of large eruptions on the environment are complicated by a paucity of models for gas-magma or gas-rock interactions that can occur in the subsurface. It is in these environments that high-temperature scav... Read More about SO2 scrubbing during percolation through rhyolitic volcanic domes.

Experimental constraints on the textures and origin of obsidian pyroclasts (2019)
Journal Article
Gardner, J. E., Wadsworth, F. B., Llewellin, E. W., Watkins, J. M., & Coumans, J. P. (2019). Experimental constraints on the textures and origin of obsidian pyroclasts. Bulletin of Volcanology, 81, Article 22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-019-1283-z

Obsidian pyroclasts are commonly preserved in the fall deposits of explosive silicic eruptions. Recent work has suggested that they form by sintering of ash particles on the conduit walls above the fragmentation depth and are subsequently torn out an... Read More about Experimental constraints on the textures and origin of obsidian pyroclasts.

Fracture healing and strength recovery in magmatic liquids (2019)
Journal Article
Lamur, A., Kendrick, J., Wadsworth, F., & Lavallée, Y. (2019). Fracture healing and strength recovery in magmatic liquids. Geology, 47(3), 195-198. https://doi.org/10.1130/g45512.1

Cycles of fracture and healing in magma are important controls on outgassing time scales and repetitive seismicity at silicic volcanoes. Here, we experimentally drove silicate melts (at 109–1011 Pa·s) to tensile failure, measuring the strength during... Read More about Fracture healing and strength recovery in magmatic liquids.

The permeability evolution of tuffisites and implications for outgassing through dense rhyolitic magma (2019)
Journal Article
Heap, M. J., Tuffen, H., Wadsworth, F. B., Reuschlé, T., Castro, J. M., & Schipper, C. I. (2019). The permeability evolution of tuffisites and implications for outgassing through dense rhyolitic magma. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 124(8), 8281-8299. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018jb017035

There is growing evidence that outgassing through transient fracture networks exerts an important control on conduit processes and explosive‐effusive activity during silicic eruptions. Indeed, the first modern observations of rhyolitic eruptions have... Read More about The permeability evolution of tuffisites and implications for outgassing through dense rhyolitic magma.