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The importance of diatoms for understanding subduction zone earthquakes in Alaska (2024)
Journal Article
Summers, G., Engelhart, S., & Woodroffe, S. (2024). The importance of diatoms for understanding subduction zone earthquakes in Alaska. PAGES Magazine, 32(1), 24-25. https://doi.org/10.22498/pages.32.1.24

Great subduction-zone earthquakes (moment magnitude [Mw] >8) pose a significant threat to human populations, the environment and infrastructure, yet the spatial and temporal patterns of these hazards before the 20th century are often poorly constrain... Read More about The importance of diatoms for understanding subduction zone earthquakes in Alaska.

Taraxerol abundance as a proxy for in situ Mangrove sediment (2024)
Journal Article
Sefton, J. P., Kemp, A. C., Vane, C. H., Kim, A. W., Bernhardt, C. E., Johnson, J., & Engelhart, S. E. (2024). Taraxerol abundance as a proxy for in situ Mangrove sediment. Organic Geochemistry, 191, Article 104767. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.orggeochem.2024.104767

Mangrove sediments are valuable archives of relative sea-level change if they can be distinguished in the stratigraphic record from other organic-rich depositional environments (e.g., freshwater swamps). Proxies for establishing environment of deposi... Read More about Taraxerol abundance as a proxy for in situ Mangrove sediment.

Compiled onshore and offshore paleoseismic data along the Cascadia Subduction zone (2024)
Data
Staisch, L., Witter, R., Watt, J., Grant, A., Walton, M., Brothers, D., Davis, E., Dura, C., Engelhart, S., Enkin, R., Garrison-Laney, C., Goldfinger, C., Hamilton, T., Hawkes, A., Hill, J., Hong, I., Jaffe, B., Kelsey, H., Lahusen, S., La Selle, S., …Stanton, K. (2024). Compiled onshore and offshore paleoseismic data along the Cascadia Subduction zone. [Data]. https://doi.org/10.5066/P13OJQYW

The USGS Powell Center Cascadia earthquake hazards working group compiled published onshore and offshore paleoseismic data along the Cascadia subduction zone, spanning sites from Vancouver Island to the Mendocino triple junction. Evidence for megathr... Read More about Compiled onshore and offshore paleoseismic data along the Cascadia Subduction zone.

The characteristics and preservation potential of Hurricane Irma's overwash deposit in southern Florida, USA (2023)
Journal Article
Joyse, K. M., Khan, N. S., Moyer, R. P., Radabaugh, K. R., Hong, I., Chappel, A. R., Walker, J. S., Sanders, C. J., Engelhart, S. E., Kopp, R. E., & Horton, B. P. (2023). The characteristics and preservation potential of Hurricane Irma's overwash deposit in southern Florida, USA. Marine Geology, 461, Article 107077. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2023.107077

Overwash deposits from tropical cyclone-induced storm surges are commonly used as modern analogues for paleo-storm studies. However, the evolution of these deposits between their time of deposition and their incorporation into the geologic record is... Read More about The characteristics and preservation potential of Hurricane Irma's overwash deposit in southern Florida, USA.

Salt Marsh Response to Inlet Switch-Induced Increases in Tidal Inundation (2022)
Journal Article
Yellen, B., Woodruff, J., Baranes, H., Engelhart, S., Geyer, R., Randall, N., & Griswold, F. (2023). Salt Marsh Response to Inlet Switch-Induced Increases in Tidal Inundation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface, 128(1), https://doi.org/10.1029/2022jf006815

There is widespread concern that rapidly rising sea levels may drown salt marshes by exceeding the rate at which these important ecosystems can build elevation. A significant fraction of marshes reside within backbarrier estuaries, yet little attenti... Read More about Salt Marsh Response to Inlet Switch-Induced Increases in Tidal Inundation.

Implications of anomalous relative sea-level rise for the peopling of Remote Oceania (2022)
Journal Article
Sefton, J., Kemp, A., Engelhart, S., Ellison, J., Karegar, M., Charley, B., & McCoy, M. (2022). Implications of anomalous relative sea-level rise for the peopling of Remote Oceania. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(52), Article e2210863119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2210863119

Beginning ~3,500 to 3,300 y B.P., humans voyaged into Remote Oceania. Radiocarbon-dated archaeological evidence coupled with cultural, linguistic, and genetic traits indicates two primary migration routes: a Southern Hemisphere and a Northern Hemisph... Read More about Implications of anomalous relative sea-level rise for the peopling of Remote Oceania.

Within-region replication of late Holocene relative sea-level change: an example from southern New England, United States (2022)
Journal Article
Stearns, R., Engelhart, S., Kemp, A., Hill, T., Brain, M., & Corbett, D. (2023). Within-region replication of late Holocene relative sea-level change: an example from southern New England, United States. Quaternary Science Reviews, 300, Article 107868. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2022.107868

Tide-gauge measurements in the western North Atlantic Ocean show coherent, multi-decadal relative sea-level (RSL) trends across multiple spatial scales. Proxy reconstructions developed from salt-marsh sediment can extend this instrumental record. How... Read More about Within-region replication of late Holocene relative sea-level change: an example from southern New England, United States.

Relative sea-level change in South Florida during the past ~5 ka (2022)
Journal Article
Khan, N., Ashe, E., Moyer, R., Kemp, A., Engelhart, S., Brain, M., Toth, L., Chappell, A., Christie, M., Kopp, R., & Horton, B. (2022). Relative sea-level change in South Florida during the past ~5 ka. Global and Planetary Change, 216, Article 103902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103902

A paucity of detailed relative sea-level (RSL) reconstructions from low latitudes hinders efforts to understand the global, regional, and local processes that cause RSL change. We reconstruct RSL change during the past ~5 ka using cores of mangrove p... Read More about Relative sea-level change in South Florida during the past ~5 ka.

Reproducibility and variability of earthquake subsidence estimates from saltmarshes of a Cascadia estuary (2022)
Journal Article
Padgett, J., Engelhart, S., Kelsey, H., Witter, R., & Cahill, N. (2022). Reproducibility and variability of earthquake subsidence estimates from saltmarshes of a Cascadia estuary. Journal of Quaternary Science, 37(7), 1294-1312. https://doi.org/10.1002/jqs.3446

We examine fossil foraminiferal assemblages from 20 sediment cores to assess sudden relative sea-level (RSL) changes across three mud-over-peat contacts at three salt marshes in northern Humboldt Bay, California (~44.8°N, −124.2°W). We use a validate... Read More about Reproducibility and variability of earthquake subsidence estimates from saltmarshes of a Cascadia estuary.

Changing impacts of Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone tsunamis in California under future sea-level rise (2021)
Journal Article
Dura, T., Garner, A., Weiss, R., Kopp, R., Engelhart, S., Witter, R., Briggs, R., Mueller, C., Nelson, A., & Horton, B. (2021). Changing impacts of Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone tsunamis in California under future sea-level rise. Nature Communications, 12, Article 7119. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27445-8

The amplification of coastal hazards such as distant-source tsunamis under future relative sea-level rise (RSLR) is poorly constrained. In southern California, the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone has been identified as an earthquake source region of... Read More about Changing impacts of Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone tsunamis in California under future sea-level rise.

Quaternary Reelfoot fault deformation in the Obion River valley, Tennessee, USA (2021)
Journal Article
Delano, J. E., Briggs, R. W., Jobe, J. T., Gold, R. D., & Engelhart, S. E. (2021). Quaternary Reelfoot fault deformation in the Obion River valley, Tennessee, USA. Tectonics, 40(8), Article e2019TC005990. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019tc005990

Blind reverse faults are challenging to detect, and earthquake records can be elusive because deep fault slip does not break the surface along readily recognized scarps. The blind Reelfoot fault in the New Madrid seismic zone in the central United St... Read More about Quaternary Reelfoot fault deformation in the Obion River valley, Tennessee, USA.

Diatoms of the intertidal environments of Willapa Bay, Washington, USA as a sea-level indicator (2021)
Journal Article
Hong, I., Horton, B. P., Hawkes, A. D., O'Donnell, R. J., Padgett, J. S., Dura, T., & Engelhart, S. E. (2021). Diatoms of the intertidal environments of Willapa Bay, Washington, USA as a sea-level indicator. Marine Micropaleontology, 167, Article 102033. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marmicro.2021.102033

An understanding of the modern relationship between diatom species and elevation is a prerequisite for using fossil diatoms to reconstruct relative sea level (RSL). We described modern diatom distributions from seven transects covering unvegetated su... Read More about Diatoms of the intertidal environments of Willapa Bay, Washington, USA as a sea-level indicator.

A maximum rupture model for the central and southern Cascadia subduction zone—reassessing ages for coastal evidence of megathrust earthquakes and tsunamis (2021)
Journal Article
Nelson, A. R., DuRoss, C. B., Witter, R. C., Kelsey, H. M., Engelhart, S. E., Mahan, S. A., Gray, H. J., Hawkes, A. D., Horton, B. P., & Padgett, J. S. (2021). A maximum rupture model for the central and southern Cascadia subduction zone—reassessing ages for coastal evidence of megathrust earthquakes and tsunamis. Quaternary Science Reviews, 261, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2021.106922

A new history of great earthquakes (and their tsunamis) for the central and southern Cascadia subduction zone shows more frequent (17 in the past 6700 yr) megathrust ruptures than previous coastal chronologies. The history is based on along-strike co... Read More about A maximum rupture model for the central and southern Cascadia subduction zone—reassessing ages for coastal evidence of megathrust earthquakes and tsunamis.

Timing and amount of southern Cascadia earthquake subsidence over the past 1700 years at northern Humboldt Bay, California, USA (2021)
Journal Article
Padgett, J., Engelhart, S., Kelsey, H., Witter, R., Cahill, N., & Hemphill-Haley, E. (2021). Timing and amount of southern Cascadia earthquake subsidence over the past 1700 years at northern Humboldt Bay, California, USA. GSA Bulletin, 133(9-10), 2137-2156. https://doi.org/10.1130/b35701.1

Stratigraphic, lithologic, foraminiferal, and radiocarbon analyses indicate that at least four abrupt mud-over-peat contacts are recorded across three sites (Jacoby Creek, McDaniel Creek, and Mad River Slough) in northern Humboldt Bay, California, US... Read More about Timing and amount of southern Cascadia earthquake subsidence over the past 1700 years at northern Humboldt Bay, California, USA.

Toward an integrative geological and geophysical view of Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes (2021)
Journal Article
Walton, M., Staisch, L., Dura, T., Pearl, J., Sherrod, B., Gomberg, J., Engelhart, S., Trehu, A., Watt, J., Perkins, J., Witter, R., Bartlow, N., Goldfinger, C., Kelsey, H., Morey, A., Sahakian, V., Tobin, H., Wang, K., Wells, R., & Wirth, E. (2021). Toward an integrative geological and geophysical view of Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 49, 367-398. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-earth-071620-065605

The Cascadia subduction zone (CSZ) is an exceptional geologic environment for recording evidence of land-level changes, tsunamis, and ground motion that reveals at least 19 great megathrust earthquakes over the past 10 kyr. Such earthquakes are among... Read More about Toward an integrative geological and geophysical view of Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes.

Uncertainties of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment Model Predictions in North America associated with 3D structure (2020)
Journal Article
Li, T., Wu, P., Wang, H., Steffen, H., Khan, N., Engelhart, S., Vacchi, M., Shaw, T., Peltier, W., & Horton, B. (2020). Uncertainties of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment Model Predictions in North America associated with 3D structure. Geophysical Research Letters, 47(10), Article e2020GL087944. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020gl087944

We quantify GIA prediction uncertainties of 250 1D and 3D glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) models through comparisons with deglacial relative sea‐level (RSL) data from North America and rate of vertical land motion ( urn:x-wiley:00948276:media:grl6... Read More about Uncertainties of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment Model Predictions in North America associated with 3D structure.

Estimating global mean sea-level rise and its uncertainties by 2100 and 2300 from an expert survey (2020)
Journal Article
Horton, B., Khan, N., Cahill, N., Lee, J., Shaw, T., Garner, A., Kemp, A., Engelhart, S., & Rahmstorf, S. (2020). Estimating global mean sea-level rise and its uncertainties by 2100 and 2300 from an expert survey. npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, 3, Article 18. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-020-0121-5

Sea-level rise projections and knowledge of their uncertainties are vital to make informed mitigation and adaptation decisions. To elicit projections from members of the scientific community regarding future global mean sea-level (GMSL) rise, we repe... Read More about Estimating global mean sea-level rise and its uncertainties by 2100 and 2300 from an expert survey.

Geospatial modeling suggests threats from stormy seas to Rhode Island's coastal septic systems (2020)
Journal Article
Cox, A., Dowling, M., Loomis, G., Engelhart, S., & Amador, J. (2020). Geospatial modeling suggests threats from stormy seas to Rhode Island's coastal septic systems. Journal of sustainable water in the built environment, 6(3), Article 04020012. https://doi.org/10.1061/jswbay.0000917

Coastal communities preparing for climate change and sea-level rise need to consider the impact large storms will have on belowground infrastructure. Although these communities often rely on on-site wastewater treatment systems (OWTSs) to treat waste... Read More about Geospatial modeling suggests threats from stormy seas to Rhode Island's coastal septic systems.