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All Outputs (5)

The expression of empathy in human's closest relatives, bonobos and chimpanzees: current and future directions (2024)
Journal Article
Brooker, J. S., Webb, C. E., de Waal, F. B. M., & Clay, Z. (2024). The expression of empathy in human's closest relatives, bonobos and chimpanzees: current and future directions. Biological Reviews, 99(4), 1556-1575. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.13080

Empathy is a complex, multi‐dimensional capacity that facilitates the sharing and understanding of others' emotions. As our closest living relatives, bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (P. troglodytes) provide an opportunity to explore the origin... Read More about The expression of empathy in human's closest relatives, bonobos and chimpanzees: current and future directions.

Group-specific expressions of co-feeding tolerance in bonobos and chimpanzees preclude dichotomous species generalizations (2023)
Journal Article
van Leeuwen, E. J., Staes, N., Brooker, J. S., Kordon, S., Nolte, S., Clay, Z., …Stevens, J. M. (2023). Group-specific expressions of co-feeding tolerance in bonobos and chimpanzees preclude dichotomous species generalizations. iScience, 26(12), Article 108528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2023.108528


Bonobos are typically portrayed as more socially tolerant than chimpanzees, yet the current evidence supporting such a species-level categorization is equivocal. Here, we used validated group-level co-feeding assays to systematical... Read More about Group-specific expressions of co-feeding tolerance in bonobos and chimpanzees preclude dichotomous species generalizations.

Primate empathy: A flexible and multi-componential phenomenon (2022)
Book Chapter
Brooker, J. S., Webb, C. E., & Clay, Z. (2022). Primate empathy: A flexible and multi-componential phenomenon. In M. J. Beran, & B. L. Schwartz (Eds.), Primate Cognitive Studies (505-531). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108955836.020

Empathy, the capacity to share and understand others’ states, is crucial for facilitating enduring social relationships and managing ingroup and outgroup dynamics. Despite being at the center of much scrutiny and debate in human research, the evoluti... Read More about Primate empathy: A flexible and multi-componential phenomenon.

Fellatio among male sanctuary-living chimpanzees during a period of social tension (2020)
Journal Article
Brooker, J. S., Webb, C. E., & Clay, Z. (online). Fellatio among male sanctuary-living chimpanzees during a period of social tension. Behaviour, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-bja10053

Same-sex sexual behaviour has been documented across the animal kingdom, and is thought to reflect and enhance dyadic cooperation and tolerance. For instance, same-sex fellatio — the reception of a partner’s penis into another’s mouth — has been repo... Read More about Fellatio among male sanctuary-living chimpanzees during a period of social tension.