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Roles of chain length, chain architecture, and time in the initiation of visible crazes in polystyrene (2008)
Journal Article
De Focatiis, D., Buckley, C., & Hutchings, L. (2008). Roles of chain length, chain architecture, and time in the initiation of visible crazes in polystyrene. Macromolecules, 41(12), 4484-4491. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma702157m

Visible craze initiation stress has been measured for a wide range of linear and branched monodisperse polystyrenes (PS) soaked in diethylene glycol. Results show that, for a given time under stress, craze initiation in linear PS is disentanglement-d... Read More about Roles of chain length, chain architecture, and time in the initiation of visible crazes in polystyrene.

HyperMacs – long chain hyperbranched polymers: A dramatically improved synthesis and qualitative rheological analysis (2008)
Journal Article
Clarke, N., De Luca, E., Dodds, J., Kimani, S., & Hutchings, L. (2008). HyperMacs – long chain hyperbranched polymers: A dramatically improved synthesis and qualitative rheological analysis. European Polymer Journal, 44(3), 665-676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2007.12.022

We have previously reported a novel (albeit modestly successful) strategy for the synthesis of polystyrene HyperMacs – long chain branched analogues of hyperbranched polymers. The building blocks for HyperMacs, AB2 macromonomers are synthesized by li... Read More about HyperMacs – long chain hyperbranched polymers: A dramatically improved synthesis and qualitative rheological analysis.

Multi-end-functionalized polymers: additives to modify polymer properties at surfaces and interfaces (2007)
Journal Article
Narrainen, A., Hutchings, L., Ansari, I., Thompson, R., & Clarke, N. (2007). Multi-end-functionalized polymers: additives to modify polymer properties at surfaces and interfaces. Macromolecules, 40(6), 1969-1980. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma062349y

An ongoing challenge in polymer science is the preparation of materials with specific surface properties which differ from that of the bulk, for example, hydrophobicity, wettability, chemical resistance, adhesion, or biocompatibility, while retaining... Read More about Multi-end-functionalized polymers: additives to modify polymer properties at surfaces and interfaces.

Synthesis and characterisation of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) combs (2006)
Journal Article
Fernyhough, C., Young, R., Ryan, A., & Hutchings, L. (2006). Synthesis and characterisation of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) combs. Polymer, 47(10), 3455-3463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2006.03.055

A series of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (NaPSS) combs has been synthesized. Architecturally and molecularly well-defined polystyrene combs were initially produced with the branch molecular mass fixed at 30,000 g/mol, the average number of branche... Read More about Synthesis and characterisation of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) combs.

Macromolecular engineering: a synthetic perspective. (2006)
Journal Article
Hutchings, L. (2006). Macromolecular engineering: a synthetic perspective. Plastics, Rubber and Composites, 35(10), 403-409. https://doi.org/10.1179/174328906x149754

It has long been a desire for both the polymer academic and industrial (production and process) communities to gain a true understanding of the effects of molecular architecture variables upon polymer properties and the implications for polymer proce... Read More about Macromolecular engineering: a synthetic perspective..

Novel multi end-functionalised polymers. Additives to modify polymer properties at surfaces and interfaces (2006)
Journal Article
Pillay Narrainen, A., Hutchings, L., Ansari, I., Clarke, N., & Thompson, R. (2006). Novel multi end-functionalised polymers. Additives to modify polymer properties at surfaces and interfaces. Soft Matter, 2(2), 126-128. https://doi.org/10.1039/b516439g

Fréchet-type poly(arylether) dendrons with up to eight trifluoromethyl peripheral groups have been used as initiators in the copper mediated living radical polymerisation of d8-styrene, the surface adsorption behaviour and resulting properties of the... Read More about Novel multi end-functionalised polymers. Additives to modify polymer properties at surfaces and interfaces.

Surface-active fluorocarbon end-functionalized polylactides (2006)
Journal Article
Hutchings, L., Narrainen, A., Eggleston, S., Clarke, N., & Thompson, R. (2006). Surface-active fluorocarbon end-functionalized polylactides. Polymer, 47(24), 8116-8122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2006.09.050

The synthesis and surface properties of a 2 × C8F17 fluorocarbon di-functionalized poly(d,l-lactide), “F2PLA” are described. Small fractions 5% w/w of F2PLA, when blended with unfunctionalized poly(d,l-lactide), “PLA”, render the surface both hydroph... Read More about Surface-active fluorocarbon end-functionalized polylactides.

Polymer blends in a contraction-expansion flow (2006)
Journal Article
Clarke, N., De Luca, E., Bent, J., Buxton, G., Gough, T., Grillo, I., & Hutchings, L. (2006). Polymer blends in a contraction-expansion flow. Macromolecules, 39(22), 7607-7616. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma0610966

We have probed the coupling between flow and concentration fluctuations in polymer blends using small-angle neutron scattering. We utilized a recirculating cell with a slot die, enabling us to measure the behavior at the entrance, within and at the e... Read More about Polymer blends in a contraction-expansion flow.

Block copolymers by the conversion of living lithium initiated anionic polymerization into living ruthenium ROMP (2006)
Journal Article
Castle, T., Khosravi, E., & Hutchings, L. (2006). Block copolymers by the conversion of living lithium initiated anionic polymerization into living ruthenium ROMP. Macromolecules, 39(17), 5639-5645. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma060769h

This paper describes a method for the synthesis of well-defined AB block copolymers, where one block is synthesized via anionic polymerization initiated with alkyllithium compounds, and one by ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) using well-... Read More about Block copolymers by the conversion of living lithium initiated anionic polymerization into living ruthenium ROMP.

Surface adsorption of polar end-functionalised polystyrenes (2006)
Journal Article
Narrainen, A., Clarke, N., Eggleston, S., Hutchings, L., & Thompson, R. (2006). Surface adsorption of polar end-functionalised polystyrenes. Soft Matter, 2(11), 981-985. https://doi.org/10.1039/b608688h

Due to their inherently high surface energy, polar end-functionalised polymers do not normally adsorb to the external surfaces of blends. However, adsorption of polar functionalities can be induced rapidly by annealing in a polar environment such as... Read More about Surface adsorption of polar end-functionalised polystyrenes.

HyperMacs. Long chain branched analogues of hyperbranched polymers prepared by the polycondensation of AB(2) macromonomers. (2006)
Journal Article
Hutchings, L., Dodds, J., & Roberts-Bleming, S. (2006). HyperMacs. Long chain branched analogues of hyperbranched polymers prepared by the polycondensation of AB(2) macromonomers. Macromolecular Symposia, 240(1), 56-67. https://doi.org/10.1002/masy.200650808

We describe here a new strategy for the synthesis of polymers with highly branched architectures. The strategy involves the synthesis by anionic polymerization of well-defined AB2 polystyrene macromonomers with molecular weights from 3,600 to 94,000... Read More about HyperMacs. Long chain branched analogues of hyperbranched polymers prepared by the polycondensation of AB(2) macromonomers..

Measuring and predicting the dynamics of linear monodisperse entangled polymers in rapid flow through an abrupt contraction. A small angle neutron scattering study. (2006)
Journal Article
Graham, R., Bent, J., Hutchings, L., Richards, R., Groves, D., Embery, J., …Grillo, I. (2006). Measuring and predicting the dynamics of linear monodisperse entangled polymers in rapid flow through an abrupt contraction. A small angle neutron scattering study. Macromolecules, 39(7), 2700-2709. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma052357z

Small-angle neutron scattering measurements on a series of monodisperse linear entangled polystyrene melts in nonlinear flow through an abrupt 4:1 contraction have been made. Clear signatures of melt deformation and subsequent relaxation can be obser... Read More about Measuring and predicting the dynamics of linear monodisperse entangled polymers in rapid flow through an abrupt contraction. A small angle neutron scattering study..

DendriMacs. Well-defined dendritically branched polymers synthesized by an iterative convergent strategy involving the coupling reaction of AB₂ macromonomers (2006)
Journal Article
Hutchings, L., & Roberts-Bleming, S. (2006). DendriMacs. Well-defined dendritically branched polymers synthesized by an iterative convergent strategy involving the coupling reaction of AB₂ macromonomers. Macromolecules, 39(6), 2144-2152. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma052627d

We describe here the first example of an iterative convergent strategy for the synthesis of dendritically branched polymers involving condensation coupling reactions of AB2 macromonomers. The macromonomers were synthesized by living anionic polymeriz... Read More about DendriMacs. Well-defined dendritically branched polymers synthesized by an iterative convergent strategy involving the coupling reaction of AB₂ macromonomers.

Self-diffusion and viscoelastic measurements of polystyrene star polymers. (2005)
Journal Article
Clarke, N., Colley, F., Collins, S., Hutchings, L., & Thompson, R. (2005). Self-diffusion and viscoelastic measurements of polystyrene star polymers. Macromolecules, 39(3), 1290-1296. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma051973s

A series of hydrogenous and deuterated four-arm polystyrene stars with low polydispersity have been synthesized by anionic polymerization. Self-diffusion data have been obtained using helium-3 nuclear reaction analysis, and rheology has been employed... Read More about Self-diffusion and viscoelastic measurements of polystyrene star polymers..

HyperMacs: Highly branched polymers prepared by the polycondensation of AB₂ macromonomers, synthesis and characterization (2005)
Journal Article
Hutchings, L., Dodds, J., & Roberts-Bleming, S. (2005). HyperMacs: Highly branched polymers prepared by the polycondensation of AB₂ macromonomers, synthesis and characterization. Macromolecules, 38(14), 5970-5980. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma047419k

We describe here a new strategy for the synthesis of polymers with highly branched architectures. The strategy involves the synthesis by anionic polymerization of well-defined AB(2) polystyrene (condensation) macromonomers with molecular weights from... Read More about HyperMacs: Highly branched polymers prepared by the polycondensation of AB₂ macromonomers, synthesis and characterization.